护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

What is the correct order of levels of organisation, from smallest to largest?

1. ATissue, cell, organ, organism, organ system
2. BOrgan, tissue, cell, organ system, organism
3. CCell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
4. DCell, organ, tissue, organism, organ system

下列哪一项是脂质？

1. A血红蛋白
2. B甘油三酯（脂肪）
3. C糖原，葡萄糖的储存形式
4. DDNA

What is an antigen?

1. AA white blood cell that engulfs and digests bacteria
2. BA drug that kills viruses
3. CA molecule that the immune system sees as foreign
4. DA protein that carries oxygen

Sickle cell disease is caused by a single base change that replaces one amino acid in haemoglobin. What type of mutation is this?

1. AA nonsense mutation
2. BA frameshift mutation
3. CA silent mutation
4. DA missense mutation

Which kind of mutation can be passed on to a person's children?

1. AA mutation in a cell that forms eggs or sperm
2. BA mutation in a skin cell caused by sunlight
3. CA mutation in a liver cell caused by alcohol
4. DA mutation in a white blood cell during infection

What does Mendel's law of segregation state?

1. ADominant alleles are more common in a population than recessive ones
2. BGenes on different chromosomes are always inherited together
3. CEach gamete receives both alleles of every gene
4. DThe two alleles of a gene separate so each gamete gets only one

A patient is given a large volume of hypotonic IV fluid too quickly. What is the most likely effect on the patient's cells?

1. ANothing changes, because cells are not affected by IV fluid
2. BWater moves into the cells, and they swell
3. CSalt moves into the cells, and they burst
4. DWater moves out of the cells, and they shrink

一个点突变使密码子 GAA 变为 GAG，两者都编码谷氨酸。这是哪种突变？

1. A无义突变
2. B移码突变
3. C染色体缺失
4. D沉默突变