护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

表示细胞大小最常用的单位是什么？

1. A千米（km）
2. B升（L）
3. C米（m）
4. D微米

Which substances are used up in aerobic cellular respiration?

1. ACarbon dioxide and water
2. BOxygen and water
3. CGlucose and carbon dioxide
4. DGlucose and oxygen

抗生素对哪类生物有效？

1. A对所有类型的微生物同样有效
2. B花粉过敏原
3. C病毒
4. D细菌

HIV is a retrovirus. What does its enzyme reverse transcriptase do?

1. AIt makes RNA from the host's DNA
2. BIt breaks down the host's ribosomes
3. CIt makes proteins from the virus's DNA
4. DIt makes DNA from the virus's RNA

How does facilitated diffusion differ from active transport?

1. AIt moves only water and no other substances
2. BIt needs ATP and moves substances against their gradient
3. CIt needs no energy and moves substances down their gradient
4. DIt works without any membrane proteins

In evolution, what does an organism's fitness mean?

1. AHow strong and fast the organism is compared with others
2. BHow long the organism lives
3. CHow large the organism grows
4. DHow many offspring it leaves that survive and reproduce

Which evidence supports the theory that mitochondria came from bacteria that lived inside an ancient cell?

1. AThey have their own circular DNA, ribosomes and a double membrane
2. BThey are found in all prokaryotic cells
3. CThey make the proteins used by the whole cell, including the nucleus
4. DThey have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan

The coding part of an mRNA is 900 bases long, including the start codon and the stop codon. How many amino acids are in the protein?

1. A298
2. B299
3. C300
4. D900