护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

What is the main job of the nucleolus?

1. AIt digests worn-out parts of the cell
2. BIt releases energy from glucose for the nucleus
3. CIt makes ribosomal RNA and builds ribosome parts
4. DIt stores water and salts for the nucleus

What are cilia?

1. ASmall round sacs that hold digestive enzymes
2. BFolds of the inner mitochondrial membrane that make ATP
3. COpenings in the nuclear envelope
4. DShort hair-like projections that beat in waves

在 DNA 中，腺嘌呤总是与哪种碱基配对？

1. A尿嘧啶
2. B胞嘧啶
3. C胸腺嘧啶
4. D鸟嘌呤

What is an inversion mutation?

1. AA segment of a chromosome moves to a different, non-matching chromosome
2. BA whole extra chromosome is added to the cell
3. CA chromosome segment breaks off and is reattached the wrong way round
4. DA segment of a chromosome is lost completely

转录过程中发生什么？

1. A以 DNA 为模板合成基因的 mRNA 拷贝
2. B根据 mRNA 信息构建蛋白质
3. C氨基酸在核糖体上连接起来
4. D分裂前复制整个 DNA 分子

Which statement about Archaea is correct?

1. AThey are prokaryotes, and many live in extreme environments
2. BThey are eukaryotes that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
3. CThey are multicellular plants
4. DThey are a type of virus

Plasmids with an ampicillin-resistance gene are mixed with bacteria, which are then spread on a plate containing ampicillin. Why do only a few colonies grow?

1. AAll the bacteria die, and the colonies are fungi
2. BThe plasmid kills the bacteria that do not grow
3. CAmpicillin makes some bacteria take up the plasmid
4. DOnly the bacteria that took up the plasmid can survive

Why can O-negative red blood cells be given to patients of almost any blood type in an emergency?

1. AThey carry no A, B or RhD antigens
2. BThey carry all of the A, B and RhD antigens
3. CThey have no haemoglobin to react with
4. DTheir plasma contains anti-A and anti-B antibodies