护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

What does the enzyme DNA ligase do?

1. AIt joins pieces of DNA together
2. BIt cuts DNA at specific sites
3. CIt makes RNA from a DNA template
4. DIt unwinds the DNA double helix

What is a sister chromatid?

1. AOne of two identical copies of a chromosome joined at the centromere
2. BA small ring of DNA found in bacteria
3. COne of the two sex chromosomes
4. DA chromosome that is inherited from the mother only, never the father

什么是基因？

1. A在细胞分裂前复制 DNA 的蛋白质
2. B细胞中全部染色体的完整集合
3. C携带遗传性状的一种细胞
4. DDNA 中编码蛋白质等产物的一段

科学理论与假设有何不同？

1. A理论是尚未检验的猜测
2. B它是得到大量经过检验的证据支持的广泛解释
3. C理论永远不会因新数据而改变
4. D理论是单个实验的结果

During which division of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

1. ANeither, because they separate in mitosis
2. BMeiosis II
3. CMeiosis I
4. DBoth meiosis I and meiosis II

剧烈运动时，肌肉细胞缺氧。它们改由葡萄糖产生什么？

1. A酒精和二氧化碳
2. B大量 ATP 和氧气
3. C乳酸（乳酸盐）和少量 ATP
4. D糖原和水

Two parents who both have a genetic condition have a child who does not. Assuming a single gene, what inheritance pattern does this show?

1. AX-linked recessive, with the father as a carrier
2. BAutosomal dominant, with both parents heterozygous
3. CAutosomal recessive, with both parents heterozygous
4. DAutosomal recessive, with both parents homozygous

A pesticide that is not broken down is sprayed on crops. Later, hawks at the top of the food chain have much higher levels of it than the insects. Why?

1. AHawks make the pesticide in their own bodies
2. BHawks eat the crops directly, so they take in the most pesticide of all
3. CThe pesticide is broken down faster in insects than in plants
4. DEach predator eats many prey, so the pesticide builds up at each level