护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

光合作用发生在哪种细胞器中？

1. A高尔基体
2. B细胞核
3. C线粒体
4. D叶绿体

What is a neuron?

1. AA muscle cell that contracts
2. BA nerve cell that carries electrical signals
3. CA bone cell that stores calcium
4. DA blood cell that carries oxygen around the body

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

1. AA phosphate, a sugar and a nitrogen base
2. BA carboxyl group, a base and a lipid
3. CAn amino group, a sugar and a fatty acid
4. DA glycerol, a phosphate and a fatty acid

How does cytokinesis differ between animal cells and plant cells?

1. AAnimal cells pinch in with a furrow; plant cells build a cell plate
2. BAnimal cells build a cell plate; plant cells pinch in with a furrow
3. COnly animal cells carry out cytokinesis
4. DOnly plant cells carry out cytokinesis

Why do chromosomes condense into short, thick shapes before mitosis?

1. ASo that they can leave through the nuclear pores
2. BSo that they can be copied more quickly
3. CSo they can be moved apart without tangling or breaking
4. DSo that genes can be transcribed more easily

In evolution, what does an organism's fitness mean?

1. AHow many offspring it leaves that survive and reproduce
2. BHow strong and fast the organism is compared with others
3. CHow long the organism lives
4. DHow large the organism grows

A colour-blind man (XᵇY) has children with a woman who carries the allele (XᴮXᵇ). What is the probability that a daughter is colour-blind?

1. A0
2. B1/4
3. C1/2
4. D1

下列哪项正确地比较了有丝分裂和减数分裂？

1. A减数分裂有两次分裂，产生四个遗传上不同的单倍体细胞
2. B减数分裂产生两个与亲代相同的细胞
3. C两者都产生染色体数目为亲代细胞一半的配子，用于生殖
4. D有丝分裂有两次分裂，产生四个相同的细胞