护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

What is the aim of gene therapy?

1. ATo remove all the genes from a patient's cells
2. BTo change the patient's blood type
3. CTo give a patient antibiotics through a vein to kill a virus
4. DTo treat a disease by adding a working copy of a faulty gene

光合作用产生哪些物质？

1. A蛋白质和氮气
2. B二氧化碳和水
3. C乳酸和 ATP
4. D葡萄糖和氧气

What is an allele?

1. AA protein made from a gene
2. BA different version of the same gene
3. CA pair of matching chromosomes from each parent
4. DA section of DNA between genes

A cell has a nucleus and mitochondria but no cell wall and no chloroplasts. What kind of cell is it most likely to be?

1. AAn animal cell
2. BA bacterial cell
3. CA plant cell
4. DA fungal cell

Which list puts these human energy sources in order from fastest to use to longest-lasting store?

1. AGlycogen, then ATP, then fat
2. BATP, then glycogen, then fat
3. CFat, then glycogen, then ATP
4. DATP, then fat, then glycogen

Sickle cell disease is caused by a single base change that replaces one amino acid in haemoglobin. What type of mutation is this?

1. AA nonsense mutation
2. BA silent mutation
3. CA frameshift mutation
4. DA missense mutation

哪种变化会使物质通过膜的扩散更快？

1. A两侧温度更低
2. B交换表面积更小
3. C膜更厚
4. D两侧浓度差更大

People who carry one sickle cell allele are more resistant to malaria. Why is the allele common in regions where malaria is widespread?

1. AMalaria causes the sickle cell mutation directly
2. BThe allele is dominant, so it spreads by itself
3. CPeople with two sickle alleles are fully healthy there
4. DNatural selection favours the heterozygotes there