护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

What is the job of the capsule found around some bacteria?

1. AIt helps the bacterium make energy by photosynthesis
2. BIt is used to swim through liquids
3. CIt holds the bacterium's main chromosome
4. DIt protects the cell, for example from white blood cells

蛋白质由氨基酸在哪种结构上装配而成？

1. A液泡
2. B溶酶体
3. C核糖体
4. D中心粒

What is the job of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

1. AIt carries amino acids to the ribosomes
2. BIt carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosomes
3. CIt stores genetic information in the nucleus permanently
4. DIt forms the main structure of the ribosome

Why do root hair cells have long, thin extensions?

1. ATo anchor the plant firmly against strong winds and rain
2. BTo increase the surface area for absorbing water
3. CTo store starch for the winter
4. DTo carry out photosynthesis underground

Which list puts these human energy sources in order from fastest to use to longest-lasting store?

1. AFat, then glycogen, then ATP
2. BGlycogen, then ATP, then fat
3. CATP, then fat, then glycogen
4. DATP, then glycogen, then fat

What are introns?

1. AShort pieces of DNA made on the lagging strand
2. BCoding sections joined together to form the mature mRNA
3. CNon-coding sections removed from pre-mRNA before translation
4. DCodons that tell the ribosome to stop translation

At 100× total magnification, the field of view of a microscope is 2 mm wide. What is its width at 400×?

1. A0.2 mm
2. B8 mm
3. C0.5 mm
4. D2 mm

Fresh liver is dropped into hydrogen peroxide and bubbles form quickly. Boiled liver gives no bubbles. What is the best conclusion?

1. ALiver contains an enzyme that is destroyed by boiling
2. BBoiled liver contains more hydrogen peroxide than fresh liver
3. CThe bubbles are carbon dioxide from respiration
4. DHydrogen peroxide is broken down only by heat