护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

What is an adaptation?

1. AA disease that weakens a population
2. BAn inherited trait that helps an organism survive in its environment
3. CA change an organism makes during its lifetime that it then passes on
4. DAny mutation that damages a gene

Which sex chromosomes does a typical human male have?

1. AX only
2. BXY
3. CYY
4. DXX

DNA 中含有哪四种碱基？

1. A丙氨酸、胸腺嘧啶、甘氨酸和半胱氨酸
2. B腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、鸟嘌呤和胞嘧啶
3. C腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、葡萄糖和胞嘧啶
4. D腺嘌呤、尿嘧啶、鸟嘌呤和胞嘧啶

In a eukaryotic cell, where does transcription take place?

1. AIn the nucleus
2. BIn the lysosomes
3. COn ribosomes in the cytoplasm
4. DIn the Golgi apparatus

How can bacteria pass antibiotic-resistance genes directly to other bacteria?

1. ABy meiosis, forming gametes with new alleles
2. BBy osmosis, moving genes in water
3. CBy mitosis, sharing copies of their chromosomes with neighbours
4. DBy conjugation, transferring plasmids through a pilus

In a pedigree, a trait appears in every generation, and every affected child has at least one affected parent. Which inheritance pattern is most likely?

1. AAutosomal recessive
2. BAutosomal dominant
3. CX-linked recessive
4. DA new mutation in each generation

Kidney tubule cells move glucose from the filtrate back into the blood, even when there is less glucose in the filtrate than in the cells. What does this show?

1. AGlucose is moved by simple diffusion
2. BGlucose is moved by osmosis
3. CGlucose moves only down its gradient
4. DGlucose is moved by active transport

为了了解一座城市的成年人运动量有多少，一位研究者只调查了从健身房出来的人。主要问题是什么？

1. A研究者没有因变量
2. B样本太随机而无用
3. C调查绝不能用于科学
4. D样本偏向爱运动的人