护理入学考试化学练习卷（附答案）

一个原子有 6 个质子、6 个中子和 6 个电子。它的质量数是多少？

1. A18
2. B12
3. C0
4. D6

What does organic chemistry study?

1. ACompounds based on carbon
2. BOnly compounds found in plants
3. COnly the noble gases
4. DCompounds made of metals

What does the rate of a reaction measure?

1. AHow much product forms in total by the end
2. BHow much energy the final products contain
3. CHow hot the reaction gets
4. DHow quickly reactants are used up or products are formed

Water has a high specific heat capacity. How does this help the human body?

1. AIt helps keep body temperature stable
2. BIt makes the blood more acidic
3. CIt makes water a poor solvent for salts
4. DIt allows oxygen to dissolve in water more easily

A patient's arterial blood pH is 7.25. How is this described?

1. ANormal
2. BAcidosis
3. CAlkalosis
4. DNeutral

What does Avogadro's law state?

1. AEqual masses of all gases contain equal numbers of molecules under any conditions
2. BThe pressure of a gas doubles when its temperature is halved
3. CEqual volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules
4. DOne mole of any gas has a mass of 22.4 g

Alkanes follow the general formula CₙH₂ₙ₊₂. What is the formula of the alkane with 4 carbon atoms?

1. AC₄H₁₂
2. BC₄H₁₀
3. CC₄H₈
4. DC₄H₆

Why does a sodium ion (Na⁺) have almost the same mass as a sodium atom?

1. AThe only difference is one electron, which has a tiny mass
2. BIons and atoms always have exactly the same mass
3. CThe ion has one fewer proton, which has a tiny mass
4. DThe ion gains a neutron that balances the loss