护理入学考试化学练习卷（附答案）

在哪种物质状态下，粒子具有固定的形状和固定的体积？

1. A气态
2. B液态
3. C固态
4. D等离子态

What is osmosis?

1. AThe dissolving of a gas in a liquid
2. BThe movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
3. CThe breaking of a solid into ions
4. DThe movement of solute particles against a gradient using energy

What is the normal pH range of human arterial blood?

1. A6.35 to 6.45
2. B7.85 to 7.95
3. C7.35 to 7.45
4. D7.00 to 7.10

Which halogen is the most reactive?

1. AChlorine
2. BIodine
3. CFluorine
4. DBromine

Which list is in order from smallest to largest mass?

1. AMilligram, kilogram, gram
2. BKilogram, gram, milligram
3. CMilligram, gram, kilogram
4. DGram, milligram, kilogram

氯离子的电荷是多少？

1. A+1
2. B−1
3. C+7
4. D−2

CO₂ in blood forms carbonic acid: CO₂ + H₂O ⇌ H₂CO₃ ⇌ H⁺ + HCO₃⁻. An anxious patient hyperventilates and breathes off extra CO₂. What happens to blood pH?

1. AIt rises, because less CO₂ means fewer H⁺ ions
2. BIt falls, because oxygen is an acid
3. CIt stays exactly 7.40, because CO₂ does not affect pH
4. DIt falls, because less CO₂ means more H⁺ ions

Equal masses of sand and water sit in the sun and absorb the same amount of heat. Which warms up more, and why?

1. ASand, because it has a higher specific heat capacity than water
2. BWater, because it has a higher specific heat capacity than sand
3. CBoth warm equally, because they absorbed the same heat
4. DSand, because it has a lower specific heat capacity than water