临床护理练习卷（附答案）

"黑便"（melaena）一词描述的是：

1. A苍白的陶土色粪便
2. B呕吐物或痰中混有鲜红色血液
3. C黑色、柏油样、恶臭的粪便
4. D深黄色尿液

Which of these is a modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease?

1. AFamily history
2. BSmoking
3. CMale sex
4. DAge

Which type of diabetes is mainly caused by autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells?

1. AType 1 diabetes
2. BType 2 diabetes
3. CGestational diabetes
4. DDiabetes insipidus

A patient says they are "allergic" to codeine because it made them constipated. How should this be recorded?

1. AIt should not be recorded at all
2. BAs a side effect or intolerance, not a true allergy
3. CAs a severe anaphylactic allergy to all opioids
4. DAs an allergy to all painkillers

Why is it important to prevent hypothermia during and after surgery?

1. AIt increases the risk of wound infection, bleeding and cardiac complications
2. BIt makes the patient wake up too quickly and become agitated in recovery
3. CIt causes high blood glucose only
4. DIt makes the patient's pain disappear

A nurse suspects that an older patient is being financially abused by a relative. What should the nurse do?

1. AConfront the relative directly at the bedside about it
2. BRaise the concern through the local safeguarding (adult protection) procedure
3. CKeep it secret because it is a family matter
4. DWait until the patient has been discharged

A drowsy patient in recovery is making snoring sounds and the SpO₂ is falling. What is the first action?

1. ALie the patient face down
2. BWait for the patient to wake up fully
3. COpen the airway with a head tilt–chin lift or jaw thrust
4. DGive sips of oral fluid to clear the throat and wake them

A patient is taught to self-inject low-molecular-weight heparin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will rub the area firmly after the injection."
2. B"I will report any unusual bleeding or bruising."
3. C"I will inject into the fatty tissue of my abdomen."
4. D"I will change the injection site each time."