临床护理练习卷（附答案）

哪项体征是左心衰竭的典型表现？

1. A尿量增多
2. B右下腹疼痛
3. C气短，尤其是平卧时
4. D皮肤和眼白发黄

哪种症状是心绞痛的典型表现？

1. A行走时小腿疼痛，休息后缓解
2. B活动时胸痛，休息后缓解
3. C只在按压胸壁时出现的锐痛
4. D持续数天、不受活动影响的疼痛

Leukaemia is a cancer of:

1. AThe blood-forming cells of the bone marrow
2. BThe lining of the stomach and small bowel
3. CThe skin
4. DThe thyroid gland

Which adverse effects should be monitored for in a patient receiving IV gentamicin?

1. AKidney damage and hearing loss
2. BConstipation and urinary retention
3. CHair loss and weight gain
4. DHyperglycaemia and tremor

In suspected sepsis, what should ideally be collected before the first dose of antibiotics, as long as it does not delay treatment?

1. AA fasting cholesterol level
2. BA stool sample for occult blood
3. CA 24-hour urine collection
4. DBlood cultures

How should a nurse communicate with a patient who has impaired hearing?

1. ATalk to the patient's relative instead of to the patient directly
2. BSpeak very quickly to save time
3. CFace the patient, speak clearly and reduce background noise
4. DShout loudly from the end of the bed so they can hear

Which type of drug is commonly used to treat neuropathic pain?

1. AAntihistamines such as cetirizine
2. BSome anticonvulsants or antidepressants, such as gabapentin
3. CAntibiotics such as amoxicillin, given as a long course
4. DProton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole

A patient with hyperkalaemia is given IV insulin with glucose. What is the purpose, and what must be monitored?

1. ATo shift potassium into cells; blood glucose must be monitored for hypoglycaemia
2. BTo treat hidden diabetes; HbA1c must be checked daily
3. CTo protect the heart muscle directly; the patient must be kept nil by mouth
4. DTo remove potassium from the body; urine output must be stopped for a time