临床护理练习卷（附答案）

How is body mass index (BMI) calculated?

1. AWaist size divided by hip size
2. BWeight in kilograms multiplied by height in metres
3. CHeight in metres divided by weight in kilograms, then squared
4. DWeight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared

In which type of fracture does the broken bone break through the skin?

1. AA closed (simple) fracture
2. BA stress fracture
3. CA greenstick fracture
4. DAn open (compound) fracture

正在监测一名患者的尿量。成人常用的最低每小时尿量目标是多少？

1. A约每小时每千克 5 mL
2. B约每小时每千克 0.05 mL
3. C约每小时每千克体重 0.5 mL
4. D多少都行，只要每天有排尿

A patient says they are "allergic" to codeine because it made them constipated. How should this be recorded?

1. AAs an allergy to all painkillers
2. BAs a severe anaphylactic allergy to all opioids
3. CAs a side effect or intolerance, not a true allergy
4. DIt should not be recorded at all

A very anxious patient breathes rapidly for a long period. Which change is expected?

1. AMetabolic alkalosis from vomiting
2. BMetabolic acidosis from a low bicarbonate
3. CRespiratory acidosis from a high PaCO₂
4. DRespiratory alkalosis from a low PaCO₂

为什么对疑似脓毒症的患者要测定血清乳酸？

1. A它显示患者是否有尿路感染
2. B乳酸升高表明组织灌注不良、风险更高
3. C它能确定该用哪种抗生素
4. D它测量患者的血糖

A patient with poorly controlled hyperthyroidism develops a high fever, very fast heart rate, agitation and vomiting during an infection. What is likely?

1. AAddisonian crisis
2. BThyroid storm
3. CHypoglycaemia
4. DMyxoedema coma

A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure about self-care. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will report it if I need more pillows to sleep."
2. B"I only need to weigh myself once a month."
3. C"I will weigh myself each morning after passing urine."
4. D"I will take my water tablet in the morning."