临床护理练习卷（附答案）

Which type of diabetes is mainly caused by autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells?

1. AType 2 diabetes
2. BDiabetes insipidus
3. CGestational diabetes
4. DType 1 diabetes

Which pair of symptoms is typical of hyperglycaemia?

1. ASlow pulse and cold, pale skin
2. BSweating, trembling hands and a sudden feeling of hunger
3. CPinpoint pupils and slow breathing
4. DIncreased thirst and passing large amounts of urine

哪项体征提示成人脱水？

1. A口干、尿液深色浓缩以及心动过速
2. B两天内体重增加
3. C口腔湿润、尿色浅、脉搏正常
4. D踝部肿胀、肺部湿啰音和颈静脉压升高

一名 MRSA 定植患者入院。哪种防护措施是恰当的？

1. A在负压病房隔离六个月
2. B接触防护：手套、围裙以及良好的手卫生
3. C所有工作人员均采取空气传播防护，并佩戴 FFP3 呼吸防护口罩
4. D定植无须任何防护

What is the most common cause of hypernatraemia in frail older inpatients?

1. ATaking too many vitamins
2. BToo much exercise
3. CEating too much salt in one meal
4. DNot drinking enough water

When should discharge planning usually begin?

1. AAfter the patient has been home for a week
2. BOn or soon after admission
3. COn the morning of discharge
4. DOnly after the patient asks to go home

Why should "units" never be abbreviated to "U" or "IU" on an insulin prescription?

1. AThe letters can be misread as a zero, causing a tenfold overdose
2. BPharmacists cannot dispense insulin written that way
3. CIt changes the type of insulin given
4. DThe abbreviation is only allowed on prescriptions for children

A patient has a blood pressure of 220/130 mmHg with headache, confusion and visual disturbance. Why is the blood pressure lowered in a controlled way rather than as fast as possible?

1. AA sudden drop can reduce blood flow to the brain, heart and kidneys
2. BBlood pressure cannot be lowered with drugs
3. CRapid lowering always causes the hypertension to come back much worse
4. DRapid lowering causes hyperglycaemia