感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

Which precautions are used for a patient with rubella (German measles)?

1. AContact precautions only
2. BAirborne precautions
3. CStandard precautions only
4. DDroplet precautions

患者安全中的“公正文化”（just culture）是什么？

1. A为了保护员工士气，从不讨论差错
2. B每一次差错都对当事人给予正式处罚
3. C只有医生报告差错，护士只是通知医生
4. D公开报告差错并改进系统；对鲁莽行为仍予以处理

对跌倒高风险患者，床应如何设置？

1. A调至最高位
2. B始终拉起四侧床栏
3. C松开刹车以便快速移动
4. D调至最低位并锁定刹车

A patient has a very low platelet count. Which safety measure is appropriate?

1. AFloss hard each day to keep the gums healthy
2. BUse a firm toothbrush and a safety razor
3. CUse a soft toothbrush and an electric razor
4. DTake rectal temperatures for accuracy

A patient in bed has a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. What should the nurse do?

1. AHold the arms and legs firmly to stop the movements
2. BTurn the patient on their side and protect them from injury without restraining
3. CPut a padded tongue blade between the teeth to protect the tongue from biting
4. DGive sips of water to keep the airway moist

When should blood specimen tubes be labeled?

1. ABack at the station after all the samples are collected
2. BAt the nurses’ station before going to the patient, to save time
3. CAt the bedside, in front of the patient, right after collection
4. DBy the laboratory staff after the tubes arrive

一名疑似百日咳的患者因没有空闲单人间，需要暂住共用病房。在联系感染控制期间，哪种安排最恰当？

1. A把患者安置在免疫功能低下的患者旁边
2. B在有单人间之前完全不采取任何预防措施
3. C采取空气传播预防，所有人都戴 N95 呼吸器
4. D拉上床帘，间隔 1 米（3 英尺）以上，近距离接触时戴口罩

A patient after heart surgery has temporary epicardial pacing wires. Why do staff take special care with electrical safety?

1. AThe wires make the patient immune to electric shock
2. BElectrical safety only matters for patients who have permanent implanted pacemakers
3. CPacing wires can only carry current coming from the pacemaker box itself
4. DSmall currents can travel along the wires straight to the heart and cause arrhythmias