感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

In the chain of infection, a contaminated bedside table where bacteria live and multiply is an example of which link?

1. AThe susceptible host
2. BThe portal of exit
3. CThe reservoir
4. DThe portal of entry

A culture and sensitivity report says the organism is “sensitive” to an antibiotic. What does this mean?

1. AThe patient is allergic to the antibiotic and should not be given it
2. BThe organism causes an allergic reaction to the drug
3. CThe antibiotic is expected to stop the organism growing
4. DThe organism has become resistant to the antibiotic

In START triage, which casualties are tagged green (minor)?

1. AThose who are breathing more than 30 times a minute
2. BThose who can walk to a designated area on their own
3. CThose who cannot follow simple commands
4. DThose who are not breathing after the airway is opened

A patient has a non-violent restraint. In most nursing policies, how often at minimum is it released for range of motion, toileting and skin care?

1. AOnly when the patient asks for it
2. BAt least every 2 hours
3. COnce every 12-hour shift
4. DOnce a day, during the bath

A child has swallowed a button battery. Why is this urgent?

1. AIt is only harmful if several batteries are swallowed
2. BIt can burn through the lining of the esophagus within hours
3. CIt always passes through the gut without harm
4. DThe only risk is poisoning from heavy metals years later

A peripheral IV site is red, warm and tender along the vein. What should the nurse do?

1. ARemove the catheter and insert a new one at another site if still needed
2. BIncrease the infusion rate to finish the bag sooner
3. CFlush the catheter harder to clear the vein and keep using the same site
4. DApply a warm pack and keep using the same site

A responsive 6-month-old infant is choking and cannot cry or cough. What should the rescuer do?

1. ATurn the infant upside down and shake gently
2. BGive abdominal thrusts as for an adult
3. CGive back blows and chest thrusts in turn
4. DDo a blind finger sweep of the mouth

一名干细胞移植后严重免疫抑制的患者住在保护性环境中。下列哪件物品不应带入房间？

1. A一张已擦拭干净的相框全家福
2. B一台干净、已消毒的平板电脑
3. C患者自己的干净衣物
4. D鲜花或盆栽植物