感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

How should a nurse clean a stethoscope between patients?

1. ARinse it under running water and dry it on a towel
2. BWipe the diaphragm and tubing with an alcohol or approved disinfectant wipe
3. CSend it to be sterilized in an autoclave after every single patient contact
4. DClean it once a week, unless it is visibly dirty

What are the Beers criteria?

1. AA list of potentially inappropriate medicines for older adults
2. BA scale used to measure the risk of pressure injuries in older adults
3. CA set of rules for giving blood products
4. DA list of drugs that are safe during pregnancy

Which precautions are used for a patient with diphtheria of the throat (pharyngeal diphtheria)?

1. AContact precautions only
2. BDroplet precautions
3. CStandard precautions only
4. DAirborne precautions

患者的身份腕带丢失，而有一种药物到了给药时间。护士应怎么做？

1. A直接给药，因为护士昨天就认识这位患者
2. B先用两项识别信息确认身份，并重新戴上新腕带
3. C用房间号和床号确认身份
4. D跳过该药，等到第二天

一名患者胸部某一区域出现带状疱疹（herpes zoster），免疫功能正常，且皮损可以完全遮盖。通常需要采取哪种预防措施？

1. A标准预防，并遮盖皮损
2. B仅飞沫传播预防
3. C正压保护性环境
4. D在负压病房中采取空气传播预防

When should blood specimen tubes be labeled?

1. ABack at the station after all the samples are collected
2. BAt the nurses’ station before going to the patient, to save time
3. CAt the bedside, in front of the patient, right after collection
4. DBy the laboratory staff after the tubes arrive

Victims of a chemical spill arrive at the emergency department with liquid on their skin and clothing. What is the priority before they enter the building?

1. AGive them hospital gowns and seat them in triage
2. BTake a full history in the waiting room
3. CTake them straight into the resuscitation room so treatment is not delayed
4. DDecontaminate them outside, with staff wearing appropriate PPE

一名护士给错了患者药物。患者看起来状况良好。首要任务是什么？

1. A先完成事件报告
2. B等到本班结束再告诉别人
3. C对患者只字不提，以免使其担心
4. D评估患者并监测药物的影响