感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

What is seclusion?

1. AMoving a patient to a private room at their request
2. BPlacing a patient on contact precautions in a single room with the door closed
3. CKeeping a patient alone in a room or area that they are prevented from leaving
4. DClosing the curtains during personal care

Which item belongs in a sharps container?

1. AA pair of used gloves
2. BAn empty IV bag with the tubing removed
3. CA used scalpel blade
4. DA soiled gauze dressing

锐器盒应在什么时候更换？

1. A只有锐器开始从顶部开口露出时
2. B只有完全装满到顶时
3. C达到填充线时，约为四分之三满
4. D每月一次，无论是否装满

一名患者想拒绝服用处方药。护士应怎么做？

1. A了解原因、加以解释、尊重有能力者的选择并记录
2. B把药藏在患者的食物或饮料里，确保其服下
3. C记录为已给药，以免团队追问
4. D仍然给药，因为这是医嘱

护士接到电话口头医嘱。最安全的做法是什么？

1. A请同事一起听，同样记住
2. B记在脑子里，班末再写下来
3. C执行但不记录
4. D写下来并向开医嘱者复述确认

护士何时可以使用灭火器灭火？

1. A仅当火势较小、已拉响警报且出口畅通时
2. B总是可以，甚至在拉响警报之前，以节省时间
3. C绝不可以；只有消防员才能使用灭火器
4. D只要有烟就可以，即使出口被堵住

在口服药发药过程中，一名患者要求稍后再服一片药。护士把药留在了床头柜上。主要的安全问题是什么？

1. A如果患者清醒，就没有安全问题
2. B药片放在空气中会很快溶解
3. C药片可能褪色，之后难以辨认
4. D护士无法确认患者是否服下，而且别人可能会拿走

According to the “Swiss cheese” model of error, why do errors reach patients?

1. ATechnology fails more often than people do
2. BPatients often do not follow their care instructions
3. CWeaknesses in several layers of defense line up at the same time
4. DOne careless person makes a mistake that no system could stop