感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

What does ESBL stand for in an ESBL-producing organism?

1. AExtended-spectrum beta-lactamase
2. BEnteric serum beta-lymphocyte
3. CEnhanced staphylococcal bacterial load
4. DExtended-surface biofilm layer

什么是用药核对（medication reconciliation）？

1. A在每次转科或转接时，将目前用药与新医嘱进行比对
2. B每班结束时与同事一起清点管制药品
3. C每月检查病房备用药品的有效期
4. D出院时把未使用的药物退还药房

In START triage, which casualties are tagged green (minor)?

1. AThose who are breathing more than 30 times a minute
2. BThose who are not breathing after the airway is opened
3. CThose who can walk to a designated area on their own
4. DThose who cannot follow simple commands

A patient cannot bear weight and cannot help with transfers. Which method is safest to move the patient from bed to chair?

1. AOne nurse doing a standing pivot transfer
2. BAsking the patient to stand and try their best
3. CA mechanical lift used by enough trained staff
4. DTwo nurses lifting the patient under the arms

A family member tells the nurse, “My father is not himself. Something is wrong.” The hospital has a family-activated rapid response system. What is correct?

1. AOnly doctors may call the rapid response team
2. BThe family must wait for the next scheduled ward round to raise the concern with a doctor
3. CThe family can call the rapid response team if they are worried and staff have not responded
4. DThe family should call emergency services from outside the hospital

A nurse has just given an intramuscular injection with a safety needle. What should the nurse do next with the needle?

1. ABend the needle to make it unusable, then discard it
2. BLay it on the medication tray and discard it later
3. CRecap it carefully with both hands and dispose of it after the drug round
4. DActivate the safety device and drop it into a sharps container at once

A patient with suspected sepsis has orders for blood cultures and an IV antibiotic. What is the correct order of actions?

1. AGive the antibiotic first so that treatment starts, and take the cultures the next day
2. BDraw the blood cultures first, then give the antibiotic without delay
3. CGive the antibiotic and take the cultures an hour later
4. DWait for the culture results before starting the antibiotic

A newly hired nurse has these hepatitis B results: HBsAg negative, anti-HBs positive, anti-HBc negative. What do they show?

1. APast infection that has now cleared
2. BNo immunity, so the vaccine is needed
3. CImmunity from hepatitis B vaccination
4. DA current hepatitis B infection