感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

Which is one of the body’s first-line, non-specific defenses against infection?

1. AIntact skin
2. BAntibodies made after vaccination
3. CAntibiotics in the bloodstream
4. DMemory T cells

What is an iatrogenic infection?

1. AAn infection caused by a treatment, test or procedure
2. BAn infection that comes from the patient’s own skin flora
3. CAn infection that is present from birth
4. DAn infection caught from a family pet at home

What does the abbreviation MRSA stand for?

1. AMultidrug-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae
2. BMethicillin-reactive Staphylococcus albus
3. CMultiply-resistant Salmonella agent
4. DMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

护理采取空气传播预防的患者后，N95 呼吸器应在何时摘下？

1. A刚进入房间后立即摘下
2. B离开房间并关上门之后
3. C在房间内、脱手套之前
4. D绝不摘下；整个班次都佩戴

During a surgical hand scrub, how are the hands held?

1. APointing downward into the sink at all times
2. BAbove the elbows, so water runs from the fingertips toward the elbows
3. CAt the level of the waist, close to the body
4. DBelow the elbows, so water runs off the fingertips into the sink

A patient has patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). A family member presses the button while the patient sleeps. What should the nurse explain?

1. AOnly the patient should press it, because this keeps the system safe
2. BPressing it while the patient sleeps prevents the pain from getting worse later
3. CFamily can press it as long as they count the presses
4. DThe pump will always stop any overdose

A patient with fever and a spreading rash is suspected of having smallpox. Which precautions are needed?

1. AStandard precautions only
2. BAirborne and contact precautions
3. CDroplet precautions with a surgical mask
4. DContact precautions only

A nurse caring for a patient with influenza on droplet precautions will assist with an aerosol-generating procedure, such as bronchoscopy. What change in PPE is needed?

1. AWear gloves only, because the procedure is short
2. BWear a fit-tested respirator (N95 or FFP3) and eye protection instead of a surgical mask
3. CWear two surgical masks, one on top of the other, for the length of the procedure
4. DNo change, because influenza only needs droplet precautions