感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

What does the abbreviation MRSA stand for?

1. AMultidrug-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae
2. BMultiply-resistant Salmonella agent
3. CMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
4. DMethicillin-reactive Staphylococcus albus

对跌倒高风险患者，床应如何设置？

1. A始终拉起四侧床栏
2. B调至最高位
3. C调至最低位并锁定刹车
4. D松开刹车以便快速移动

Which precautions are needed for a patient with Legionnaires’ disease (Legionella pneumonia)?

1. AStandard precautions
2. BAirborne precautions
3. CDroplet precautions
4. DContact precautions

下列哪种使用药瓶和注射器的做法是安全的？

1. A每次穿刺药瓶时都使用新的无菌针头和注射器
2. B注射器冲洗后用于两名患者
3. C把针头留在药瓶瓶塞上以备后用
4. D换上新针头后重复使用注射器

对于感染 Neisseria meningitidis 的患者，飞沫传播预防通常应在何时停止？

1. A退热一小时后
2. B有效抗生素治疗 24 小时后
3. C给予第一剂抗生素后立即停止
4. D仅在患者出院后

A patient in bed has a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. What should the nurse do?

1. ATurn the patient on their side and protect them from injury without restraining
2. BGive sips of water to keep the airway moist
3. CHold the arms and legs firmly to stop the movements
4. DPut a padded tongue blade between the teeth to protect the tongue from biting

A nurse has a needlestick from a patient whose HIV and hepatitis status is unknown. What should happen?

1. ANothing, because the source patient is probably not infected
2. BThe nurse waits six months before having any blood tests at all
3. CThe nurse is assumed to be infected and stops all work
4. DThe source patient is tested per policy, and the nurse has baseline tests

A nurse often skips barcode scanning to save time, as many colleagues do. In a just culture, how is this behavior classed?

1. AAt-risk behavior, managed by coaching and fixing the system pressures behind it
2. BAcceptable behavior, because it is common on the unit
3. CSimple human error, managed only by consoling the nurse and moving on
4. DReckless behavior, managed by immediate dismissal and reporting to the licensing board