感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

What are the Beers criteria?

1. AA set of rules for giving blood products
2. BA list of potentially inappropriate medicines for older adults
3. CA scale used to measure the risk of pressure injuries in older adults
4. DA list of drugs that are safe during pregnancy

What does sterilization achieve that disinfection does not?

1. AIt stops organisms from growing for one day only
2. BIt kills viruses but leaves all bacteria alive
3. CIt removes visible dirt and organic matter from surfaces
4. DIt destroys all microorganisms, including bacterial spores

What is terminal cleaning?

1. AA full clean and disinfection of a room after the patient leaves
2. BCleaning the hands at the end of a shift before going home
3. CCleaning computer terminals at the nurses’ station
4. DCleaning a room only once a week, whatever happens on the ward

患者的血液意外溅入护士眼睛后，护士应怎么做？

1. A立即用大量清水或生理盐水冲洗眼睛，然后上报
2. B先用干净的干纸巾轻轻揉眼睛擦去血液
3. C完成操作，第二天再上报
4. D滴抗生素眼药水，不告诉任何人

Which practice reduces back strain when a nurse moves a patient or heavy object?

1. ABend at the waist and keep both knees straight
2. BHold the load at arm’s length to keep it steady
3. CKeep the load close to the body and avoid twisting
4. DStand with the feet close together for balance

为什么对胰岛素和肝素输注等某些药物要采用独立双人核对？

1. A使配药过程更快
2. B由第二人单独核对，可以发现被漏掉的差错
3. C因为这些药物很昂贵，浪费不起
4. D万一出错，可以由两名护士共同承担责任

A patient on an anticoagulant falls and hits their head but says they feel fine. What should the nurse do?

1. AWait until the next day to see if a headache develops
2. BGive the next anticoagulant dose early to prevent clots from forming after the fall
3. CHelp the patient back to bed and do nothing more if they feel fine
4. DNotify the provider and start neurological observations, because a brain bleed may develop

一名护士正准备给予静脉吗啡。患者的呼吸频率为 9 次/分，非常嗜睡。护士应怎么做？

1. A给药，明天再复查呼吸频率
2. B给半量
3. C给药，因为之前主诉过疼痛
4. D暂停给药，评估患者并通知开医嘱者