感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

Why are patients usually kept nil by mouth (NPO) for a period before general anesthesia?

1. ATo make the patient lose weight before surgery
2. BTo prevent the patient from needing the toilet
3. CTo lower the risk of a wound infection
4. DTo reduce the risk of aspirating stomach contents

Why do hospital electrical devices have three-prong plugs?

1. AThe third prong stops the plug from being pulled out by accident
2. BThe third prong grounds the device and carries stray current safely away
3. CThe third prong connects the device to a backup battery
4. DThe third prong lets the device draw a higher voltage from the wall socket

What is a healthcare-associated infection?

1. AAn infection that only affects health care workers, not patients
2. BAn infection that was already present or incubating when the patient was admitted
3. CAn infection acquired during care that was not present or incubating on admission
4. DAn infection caught at home from a family member during recovery

Which room lighting is safest at night for a patient at high risk of falls?

1. AOnly the light from the television screen
2. BA low night light that lights the path to the bathroom
3. CBright overhead lights left on all night in the room
4. DComplete darkness so the patient sleeps more deeply

一名疑似结核病患者住在负压病房。下列哪项做法是正确的？

1. A夜间关闭病房通风
2. B除进出外，保持房门关闭
3. C让访客不加任何防护地进入
4. D保持房门敞开，以便工作人员随时看到患者

Which type of white blood cell is most often raised in viral infections?

1. ANeutrophils
2. BEosinophils
3. CLymphocytes
4. DBasophils

A patient on chemotherapy develops shingles over several areas on both sides of the body. Which precautions are needed?

1. AStandard precautions only, with the lesions covered
2. BDroplet precautions until the pain settles
3. CContact precautions only, with gloves for dressing changes
4. DAirborne and contact precautions until all lesions are crusted

A patient on contact precautions for MRSA has become withdrawn and says, “Everyone avoids me.” What is the best nursing action?

1. AAsk the provider for a sedative to help the patient cope
2. BExplain why the precautions are needed and plan regular, unhurried time in the room
3. CStop the precautions for a few days so the patient feels less isolated and alone
4. DKeep visits short to limit the risk of spreading MRSA