实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

Which drug commonly causes a low serum potassium?

1. ASpironolactone
2. BLisinopril
3. CFurosemide
4. DAmiloride

Below about which blood glucose level is hypoglycemia usually defined and treated in a person with diabetes?

1. A40 mg/dL (2.2 mmol/L)
2. B70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L)
3. C100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L)
4. D126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L)

In a standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, what does the patient do?

1. AFasts for 3 days, and glucose is checked every morning before breakfast
2. BDrinks a measured glucose solution, and glucose is checked 2 hours later
3. CReceives an insulin injection, and glucose is checked each hour
4. DEats a normal meal, and glucose is checked once later that evening

A patient's potassium is unexpectedly 5.8 mEq/L. The sample was taken after the tourniquet was on for several minutes while the patient pumped their fist. What is the best interpretation?

1. ATourniquet time affects only the glucose result, not the potassium
2. BThe result confirms true hyperkalemia and needs no further checking
3. CThe result may be falsely high and should be repeated with better technique
4. DFist pumping lowers potassium, so the true level is even higher

A patient has a hot, swollen big toe. The serum uric acid is normal. Which statement is correct?

1. AGout can only be diagnosed with a CT scan of the foot
2. BGout is certain, as a normal urate proves the diagnosis
3. CGout is still possible, as urate can be normal in an attack
4. DGout is ruled out, as uric acid is always high in an attack

When should a blood sample for a digoxin level be drawn to be interpreted correctly?

1. AAt any time, because digoxin levels do not change during the day
2. BAt least 6–8 hours after a dose, often just before the next one
3. COnly after a meal, because food is needed for absorption
4. DWithin 30 minutes after an oral dose to show the peak level

一名患者 24 小时前大量过量服用对乙酰氨基酚（扑热息痛）。最预期出现哪些实验室改变？

1. A肌钙蛋白高而 ALT 正常
2. BALT 和 AST 低，INR 低
3. C白细胞计数低而肝功能检查正常
4. DALT 和 AST 非常高，INR 上升

A patient with long-term heavy alcohol use is admitted with alcohol withdrawal. Which group of electrolyte problems is most common?

1. ALow magnesium, low phosphate and low potassium
2. BLow chloride, high bicarbonate and high calcium
3. CHigh sodium, high calcium and high glucose
4. DHigh magnesium, high phosphate and high potassium