实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的实验室检查值与电解质练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

对于未使用抗凝剂的人，INR 通常约为：

  1. A3.5–4.5
  2. B0.8–1.2
  3. C5.0–6.0
  4. D2.0–3.0
2.简单

血清渗透压的典型参考范围是多少？

  1. A约 135–145 mOsm/kg
  2. B约 275–295 mOsm/kg
  3. C约 50–100 mOsm/kg
  4. D约 400–500 mOsm/kg
3.简单

Which laboratory test is traditionally used to adjust a continuous infusion of unfractionated heparin?

  1. AActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
  2. BPlatelet function assay (PFA-100 test)
  3. CInternational normalized ratio (INR)
  4. DErythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
4.中等

A test has very high sensitivity for a disease. What does a negative result mean?

  1. AThe disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
  2. BThe patient must have a different disease instead
  3. CThe disease is certain, so treatment should begin
  4. DThe result cannot be used, because sensitivity is high
5.中等

A healthy woman at 28 weeks of pregnancy has a mildly lower hemoglobin than before pregnancy, with a normal MCV and ferritin. What is the most likely explanation?

  1. APlasma volume rises more than red cell mass, diluting the blood
  2. BThe fetus is destroying the mother's red cells in the circulation
  3. CPregnancy hormones stop the bone marrow from making red cells
  4. DIron is being lost through the kidneys during the pregnancy
6.中等

A patient on hemodialysis has an arteriovenous (AV) fistula in the left arm. Where should the nurse draw routine blood samples?

  1. AFrom the right arm
  2. BFrom the left wrist
  3. CFrom the fistula
  4. DFrom the left hand
7.困难

A nursing student has a positive interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) for tuberculosis, no symptoms and a normal chest X-ray. What does this most likely mean?

  1. APast BCG vaccination only, with no infection
  2. BActive pulmonary TB, which is contagious
  3. CA false result, as the test does not detect TB
  4. DLatent TB infection, which is not contagious
8.困难

A healthy woman at 10 weeks of pregnancy has a slightly low TSH with a normal free T4 and no symptoms. What is the most likely explanation?

  1. AhCG stimulates the thyroid in early pregnancy
  2. BShe has developed Graves disease in pregnancy
  3. CShe has pituitary failure from the pregnancy
  4. DThe result shows severe primary hypothyroidism

答案

  1. 1. B · 0.8–1.2
  2. 2. B · 约 275–295 mOsm/kg
  3. 3. A · Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
  4. 4. A · The disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
  5. 5. A · Plasma volume rises more than red cell mass, diluting the blood
  6. 6. A · From the right arm
  7. 7. D · Latent TB infection, which is not contagious
  8. 8. A · hCG stimulates the thyroid in early pregnancy

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