实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的实验室检查值与电解质练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

Which substance contributes most to normal serum osmolality?

  1. AGlucose in plasma
  2. BPlasma albumin
  3. CUrea (from BUN)
  4. DSodium and its anions
2.简单

What is a typical reference range for urine specific gravity in an adult?

  1. AAbout 1.005–1.030
  2. BAbout 1.100–1.300
  3. CAbout 0.900–0.990
  4. DAbout 1.040–1.060
3.简单

Uric acid in the blood is a breakdown product of:

  1. APurines
  2. BGlucose
  3. CFats
  4. DHemoglobin
4.中等

A patient with joint aches has a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) test. Which statement is correct?

  1. AA positive ANA means the patient has a viral infection
  2. BA positive ANA proves the patient has rheumatoid arthritis
  3. CA positive ANA rules out all other autoimmune diseases
  4. DA positive ANA supports lupus but does not diagnose it alone
5.中等

A patient with chronic kidney disease receives an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent such as epoetin alfa. Which assessments are most important?

  1. AHemoglobin and blood pressure
  2. BLiver enzymes and bilirubin
  3. CSerum amylase and lipase
  4. DSerum glucose and ketones
6.中等

In the third trimester of pregnancy, a woman's alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is about twice the usual adult range, and the other liver tests are normal. What is the best interpretation?

  1. AA normal rise from placental ALP
  2. BA sign of new bone cancer
  3. CA sign of acute viral hepatitis
  4. DA sign of blocked bile ducts
7.困难

A patient with jaundice and nausea has a positive IgM antibody to hepatitis A virus (IgM anti-HAV). What does this show?

  1. APast hepatitis B infection that has cleared
  2. BChronic hepatitis A lasting many years
  3. CImmunity from hepatitis A vaccine long ago
  4. DA current or recent hepatitis A infection
8.困难

A patient with a large, fast-growing lymphoma will start chemotherapy tomorrow. Which plan best prevents tumor lysis syndrome?

  1. ACalcium supplements and a high-phosphate diet during treatment
  2. BNo special measures, because the risk starts only after a week
  3. CIV hydration, a uric acid-lowering drug and frequent electrolytes
  4. DFluid restriction and a high-potassium diet before the treatment

答案

  1. 1. D · Sodium and its anions
  2. 2. A · About 1.005–1.030
  3. 3. A · Purines
  4. 4. D · A positive ANA supports lupus but does not diagnose it alone
  5. 5. A · Hemoglobin and blood pressure
  6. 6. A · A normal rise from placental ALP
  7. 7. D · A current or recent hepatitis A infection
  8. 8. C · IV hydration, a uric acid-lowering drug and frequent electrolytes

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