实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

What is the usual BUN-to-creatinine ratio in a healthy adult (using mg/dL)?

1. AAbout 10:1 to 20:1
2. BAbout 50:1 to 60:1
3. CAbout 1:1 to 2:1
4. DAbout 100:1 to 200:1

A tuberculin skin test (TST) is read as positive. What does this mean?

1. AThe person definitely has active, contagious pulmonary TB
2. BThe person has been infected with TB bacteria at some point
3. CThe person is fully immune and can never develop TB
4. DThe person has never been exposed to TB bacteria

叩击耳前的面神经会使口角抽动。这个体征叫什么，提示什么？

1. ATrousseau 征，提示高钙
2. BHomans 征，提示高钾
3. CBabinski 征，提示低钠
4. DChvostek 征，提示低钙

A patient with type 2 diabetes starts prednisone each morning. When is the glucose most likely to be highest?

1. AThe glucose will not change
2. BIn the afternoon and evening
3. CIn the early morning, before the dose
4. DAt midnight only

一名该服地高辛的患者钾为 3.1 mEq/L。为什么这个结果很重要？

1. A钾与地高辛没有相互作用
2. B低钾增加地高辛中毒的风险
3. C低钾可保护心脏免受地高辛副作用的影响
4. D低钾使地高辛无效，所以应将剂量加倍

A patient has weight loss, tremor and heat intolerance. Which thyroid test pattern fits Graves disease?

1. AHigh TSH with a normal free T₄
2. BNormal TSH with a low free T₄
3. CHigh TSH with a low free T₄
4. DLow TSH with a high free T₄

A patient without symptoms has a TSH of 7.5 mIU/L on two occasions with a normal free T₄. Which term fits best?

1. ASubclinical hyperthyroidism
2. BSubclinical hypothyroidism
3. COvert primary hypothyroidism
4. DSecondary hypothyroidism

Two weeks after a sore throat, a child develops dark (cola-colored) urine, puffy eyes and high blood pressure. Urinalysis shows red cell casts and protein. Which condition is most likely?

1. ALower urinary tract infection (cystitis)
2. BPrerenal acute kidney injury
3. CKidney stone in the ureter
4. DPost-streptococcal glomerulonephritis