实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

细胞外液中的主要阴离子是哪种离子？

1. A钾
2. B碳酸氢盐
3. C磷酸盐
4. D氯

A raised serum uric acid is most closely linked to which condition?

1. AHypothyroidism
2. BOsteoporosis
3. CGout
4. DIron-deficiency anemia

In a standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, what does the patient do?

1. AReceives an insulin injection, and glucose is checked each hour
2. BFasts for 3 days, and glucose is checked every morning before breakfast
3. CDrinks a measured glucose solution, and glucose is checked 2 hours later
4. DEats a normal meal, and glucose is checked once later that evening

实验室打电话到病房报告钾的危急值 6.9 mEq/L。护士应怎么做？

1. A记录该数值并交给下一班
2. B等书面报告送到后再采取任何行动
3. C在告诉任何人之前，先请实验室重复检测
4. D复述该数值，评估患者并通知医疗人员

A patient starts high-dose prednisone. Which laboratory change should the nurse expect?

1. AA fall in serum sodium
2. BA fall in the white cell count
3. CA rise in blood glucose
4. DA rise in serum potassium

A test has very high sensitivity for a disease. What does a negative result mean?

1. AThe disease is certain, so treatment should begin
2. BThe result cannot be used, because sensitivity is high
3. CThe patient must have a different disease instead
4. DThe disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out

An older adult with type 2 diabetes is drowsy and very dehydrated. Glucose 920 mg/dL (51 mmol/L), serum osmolality 350 mOsm/kg, pH 7.36, urine ketones negative or trace. Which condition fits best?

1. ADiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
2. BMetformin-related lactic acidosis
3. CSyndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)
4. DHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)

A patient without diabetes in the ICU with sepsis has a glucose of 260 mg/dL (14.4 mmol/L) and an HbA1c of 5.2%. What is the best interpretation?

1. AType 1 diabetes from autoimmune damage
2. BA meter error, because HbA1c is normal
3. CStress hyperglycemia from acute illness
4. DLong-standing undiagnosed type 2 diabetes