实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的实验室检查值与电解质练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

Which ECG change is linked to hypercalcemia?

  1. AA shortened QT interval
  2. BProminent U waves
  3. CA prolonged QT interval
  4. DTall, peaked T waves
2.简单

哪项血液检查通常是筛查甲状腺功能的首选检查？

  1. A促甲状腺激素（TSH）
  2. B血清皮质醇
  3. C血清钙
  4. D糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）
3.简单

Why is prealbumin (transthyretin) sometimes used to follow a patient's nutritional status instead of albumin?

  1. AIt is not affected by inflammation or liver disease
  2. BIt is measured in urine, so no blood test is needed
  3. CIt has a short half-life, so it changes within days
  4. DIt has a long half-life, so it changes over months
4.中等

How should a patient collect a clean-catch midstream urine sample?

  1. AClean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
  2. BFill the cup completely, then add tap water if there is not enough
  3. CCollect urine from the toilet bowl after voiding into the toilet
  4. DCollect the very first urine of the stream directly in the sterile cup
5.中等

A patient taking empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) has glucose in the urine but a normal blood glucose. What is the best interpretation?

  1. AA sign of kidney failure
  2. BAn expected effect of the drug
  3. CUncontrolled diabetes needing insulin
  4. DA urinary tract infection
6.中等

During a red cell transfusion, when are serious acute reactions most likely, so the nurse stays with the patient?

  1. AThe next morning
  2. BIn the first 15 minutes
  3. CAfter about 2 hours
  4. DAfter the last drop is given
7.困难

A patient has eaten very little for 2 weeks and has received broad-spectrum antibiotics. The INR is now 2.3 without warfarin, and the platelets are normal. What is the most likely cause?

  1. AVitamin K deficiency
  2. BHemophilia A
  3. CImmune thrombocytopenia
  4. DIron-deficiency anemia
8.困难

A patient without diabetes in the ICU with sepsis has a glucose of 260 mg/dL (14.4 mmol/L) and an HbA1c of 5.2%. What is the best interpretation?

  1. AType 1 diabetes from autoimmune damage
  2. BLong-standing undiagnosed type 2 diabetes
  3. CA meter error, because HbA1c is normal
  4. DStress hyperglycemia from acute illness

答案

  1. 1. A · A shortened QT interval
  2. 2. A · 促甲状腺激素（TSH）
  3. 3. C · It has a short half-life, so it changes within days
  4. 4. A · Clean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
  5. 5. B · An expected effect of the drug
  6. 6. B · In the first 15 minutes
  7. 7. A · Vitamin K deficiency
  8. 8. D · Stress hyperglycemia from acute illness

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