实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

中性粒细胞减少通常定义为中性粒细胞绝对计数（ANC）低于约：

1. A150 × 10³/µL（150 000/mm³）
2. B1.5 × 10³/µL（1500/mm³）
3. C5.0 × 10³/µL（5000/mm³）
4. D15 × 10³/µL（15 000/mm³）

Which laboratory test is traditionally used to adjust a continuous infusion of unfractionated heparin?

1. AErythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
2. BInternational normalized ratio (INR)
3. CActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
4. DPlatelet function assay (PFA-100 test)

Which gland produces thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

1. AThe anterior pituitary gland
2. BThe thyroid gland itself
3. CThe adrenal cortex
4. DThe parathyroid glands

一名患者的血小板计数为 18 × 10³/µL。哪项护理措施是恰当的？

1. A患者头痛时给予处方的阿司匹林
2. B鼓励每天使用牙线两次，并用锋利的剃刀刮胡子
3. C为准确起见，每四小时经直肠测体温
4. D使用软毛牙刷、电动剃须刀，不做肌内注射

An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1.0 to 1.8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?

1. AMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly
2. BThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
3. CA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney
4. DNormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks

A woman who is 30 weeks pregnant has a new blood pressure of 152/98 mm Hg. Which urine finding would most support preeclampsia?

1. AProtein in the urine
2. BNitrites in the urine
3. CKetones in the urine
4. DGlucose in the urine

Four drug levels are reported. Which patient should the nurse assess first?

1. ADigoxin 1.0 ng/mL with a pulse of 72/min
2. BLithium 1.8 mEq/L with a new coarse tremor
3. CValproate 75 mcg/mL with no symptoms
4. DPhenytoin 15 mcg/mL with no symptoms

A patient has taken metformin for 8 years and now has numbness in the feet, a hemoglobin of 10.2 g/dL (102 g/L) and an MCV of 108 fL. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
2. BVitamin D (calciferol) deficiency
3. CIron deficiency from gut loss
4. DVitamin K deficiency