实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的实验室检查值与电解质练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

A low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) means that:

  1. AThe red cells are larger than normal (macrocytic)
  2. BThe bone marrow is making too many white cells
  3. CThe red cells contain more hemoglobin than normal
  4. DThe red cells are smaller than normal (microcytic)
2.简单

At what time of day is serum cortisol normally highest?

  1. AAround midnight
  2. BAfter the evening meal
  3. CEarly morning
  4. DLate afternoon
3.简单

成年女性的哪个血红蛋白值低于典型参考范围？

  1. A14.6 g/dL（146 g/L）
  2. B9.2 g/dL（92 g/L）
  3. C13.5 g/dL（135 g/L）
  4. D12.8 g/dL（128 g/L）
4.中等

A patient had a total gastrectomy. Which long-term therapy is needed to prevent anemia?

  1. AWeekly doses of oral vitamin K tablets
  2. BLifelong vitamin B12 replacement
  3. CMonthly transfusions of red blood cells
  4. DLifelong oral folic acid tablets only
5.中等

A patient takes high-dose biotin supplements for hair and nails. Why should the nurse report this before blood tests?

  1. ABiotin causes a true rise in blood glucose in all patients
  2. BBiotin can distort some immunoassays, such as troponin or TSH
  3. CBiotin lowers the hemoglobin by destroying the red cells
  4. DBiotin makes the blood clot in the tube before testing
6.中等

A patient on a heparin infusion has blood in the urine and an aPTT far above the target. The nurse stops the infusion and informs the provider. Which antidote should the nurse anticipate?

  1. ANaloxone
  2. BProtamine sulfate
  3. CVitamin K (phytonadione)
  4. DCalcium gluconate
7.困难

A patient with schizophrenia drinks very large amounts of water each day. Sodium is 121 mEq/L, and the urine is very dilute (urine osmolality 70 mOsm/kg). Which explanation fits best?

  1. ACentral diabetes insipidus
  2. BPrimary (psychogenic) polydipsia
  3. CHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
  4. DSyndrome of inappropriate ADH
8.困难

A patient with ongoing hemolytic anemia has an HbA1c of 4.6%, but home glucose readings are often 180–220 mg/dL (10–12 mmol/L). What best explains the gap?

  1. AShort red cell life span lowers the HbA1c falsely
  2. BThe home glucose meter is reading falsely high
  3. CThe patient has true, well-controlled diabetes
  4. DHemolysis makes the HbA1c test read too high

答案

  1. 1. D · The red cells are smaller than normal (microcytic)
  2. 2. C · Early morning
  3. 3. B · 9.2 g/dL（92 g/L）
  4. 4. B · Lifelong vitamin B12 replacement
  5. 5. B · Biotin can distort some immunoassays, such as troponin or TSH
  6. 6. B · Protamine sulfate
  7. 7. B · Primary (psychogenic) polydipsia
  8. 8. A · Short red cell life span lowers the HbA1c falsely

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