实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

A positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test means:

1. AThe person has never met the virus
2. BThe person is immune from vaccination only
3. CThe person currently has hepatitis B infection
4. DThe person had hepatitis A in the past

What does a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) show?

1. ADamage to heart muscle within the past few hours
2. BA specific infection of the urinary tract by bacteria
3. CA low level of iron stored in the bone marrow
4. DInflammation somewhere in the body, without showing where

Uric acid in the blood is a breakdown product of:

1. AGlucose
2. BHemoglobin
3. CPurines
4. DFats

A patient is scheduled for a liver biopsy. Which laboratory results should the nurse check before the procedure?

1. APlatelet count and PT/INR
2. BTSH and free T₄
3. CSerum sodium and chloride
4. DHbA1c and lipid panel

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with unknown HIV status. Which test is usually done for the nurse as soon as possible?

1. AA serum lipase test
2. BA sweat chloride test
3. CA thyroid panel test
4. DA baseline HIV test

A patient with diabetes is found unconscious with a blood glucose of 38 mg/dL (2.1 mmol/L). Which treatment is appropriate?

1. AGlucagon by injection, or IV dextrose as prescribed
2. BOrange juice poured slowly into the patient's mouth
3. CGlucose tablets placed between the patient's teeth
4. DA dose of rapid-acting insulin to stabilize the glucose

The nurse teaches a patient starting lithium. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will tell my doctor if I have vomiting or diarrhea"
2. B"I will check with the pharmacist before taking ibuprofen"
3. C"I will drink plenty of fluids, especially in hot weather"
4. D"I will cut out salt from my diet completely to stay healthy"

患者早晨服药后 2 小时抽取的血锂水平为 1.0 mEq/L，开医嘱者打算增加剂量。护士应指出什么？

1. A血锂水平可在一天中任何时间采集而不影响结果
2. B水平太低，因此大幅增加显然是安全的
3. C样本是在服药后太早采集的，因此不是有效的水平
4. D水平已达中毒，因此应永久停用锂盐