内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

Which type of leg ulcer is most common?

1. AVenous ulcers
2. BMalignant ulcers
3. CUlcers from spider bites
4. DArterial ulcers

Which side effects are common after inhaled salbutamol (albuterol)?

1. AWeight gain and ankle swelling
2. BFine tremor and a fast heart rate
3. CConstipation and dry eyes
4. DDrowsiness and a slow heart rate

护士应如何检查心房颤动患者的脉搏短绌？

1. A一人同时触摸双侧颈动脉搏动
2. B从脉搏血氧仪的显示屏上读取心率
3. C一人数桡动脉搏动 15 秒再乘以四
4. D两人同时数心尖搏动和桡动脉搏动，持续一分钟

COPD 的肺康复是什么？

1. A每六个月重复一次的肺功能检查
2. B在监督下进行的运动和教育，以减轻呼吸困难
3. C切除肺部受损最严重区域的手术
4. D每年冬天在家服用一个疗程的口服类固醇和抗生素

Why is a shock for cardioversion synchronised with the QRS complex?

1. ATo allow the use of a lower battery charge
2. BTo avoid delivering the shock during the T wave
3. CTo make the shock less painful for the patient
4. DTo keep the pads from burning the skin

After a bronchoscopy with throat anaesthesia, when can the patient eat and drink?

1. AAfter a full 24 hours without food
2. BImmediately after the scope is removed
3. CWhen the gag and cough reflexes have returned
4. DOnly after a chest X-ray has been reported

一名服用阿哌沙班治疗心房颤动的患者已预约择期手术。下列哪项说法体现了正确做法？

1. A始终继续服用到手术当天早晨
2. B根据出血风险和肾功能，暂停用药一段设定的时间
3. C术前两周停药并改用华法林
4. D停药后用口服维生素 K 逆转

A patient with squamous cell lung cancer becomes confused, thirsty and constipated, with abdominal pain. Which electrolyte disturbance is most likely?

1. AHypomagnesaemia
2. BHypokalaemia
3. CHyponatraemia
4. DHypercalcaemia