内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

What is a pneumothorax?

  1. APus collecting in the pleural space
  2. BAir in the pleural space causing the lung to collapse
  3. CInflammation of the lung tissue caused by infection
  4. DFluid in the alveoli caused by heart failure
2.简单

In pericarditis, which structure is inflamed?

  1. AThe sac that surrounds the heart
  2. BThe inner lining of the heart chambers
  3. CThe heart muscle itself
  4. DThe coronary arteries
3.简单

为什么吸氧患者附近必须避免吸烟和明火？

  1. A烟雾会堵塞吸氧管上的小孔
  2. B氧气使材料容易着火并剧烈燃烧
  3. C氧气本身受热后会变成易燃气体
  4. D氧气接触温热的皮肤会爆炸
4.中等

哪一组副作用是噻嗪类或吲达帕胺等类噻嗪利尿剂的典型副作用？

  1. A低钾、低钠、尿酸升高和血糖升高
  2. B干咳、味觉障碍和嘴唇肿胀
  3. C高钾、高钠、尿酸降低和血糖降低
  4. D高钠、高镁，血糖降低
5.中等

A patient who had a stroke has a weak swallow. Which measure most reduces the risk of aspiration pneumonia?

  1. AGiving meals while the patient is drowsy
  2. BA swallowing assessment and sitting upright for meals
  3. CLying flat for 30 minutes after eating to aid digestion
  4. DGiving thin fluids quickly through a straw between meals
6.中等

Which emergency equipment should be kept at the bedside of a patient with a tracheostomy?

  1. ASpare tubes (same size and one smaller), suction and oxygen
  2. BOnly a spare oxygen mask, since the tube rarely causes problems
  3. CA urinary catheter set, a blood glucose meter and a thermometer
  4. DA nasogastric tube and a feeding pump
7.困难

A patient with a COPD exacerbation has been on NIV for two hours. They are now more drowsy, and the pH has fallen further despite a good mask fit. What should the nurse do?

  1. AContinue NIV unchanged and repeat the blood gas tomorrow morning
  2. BRemove the mask and give nebulised bronchodilators only from now on
  3. CGive a sedative to help the patient tolerate the mask
  4. DEscalate urgently for review of intubation or a ceiling of care
8.困难

A patient on three blood pressure drugs still has high readings at every visit. What should the nurse check first?

  1. AWhether a fourth drug can be added at today's appointment
  2. BWhether the patient is taking the medicines as prescribed
  3. CWhether the patient needs surgery on the renal arteries
  4. DWhether the readings should be ignored

答案

  1. 1. B · Air in the pleural space causing the lung to collapse
  2. 2. A · The sac that surrounds the heart
  3. 3. B · 氧气使材料容易着火并剧烈燃烧
  4. 4. A · 低钾、低钠、尿酸升高和血糖升高
  5. 5. B · A swallowing assessment and sitting upright for meals
  6. 6. A · Spare tubes (same size and one smaller), suction and oxygen
  7. 7. D · Escalate urgently for review of intubation or a ceiling of care
  8. 8. B · Whether the patient is taking the medicines as prescribed

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