内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

What is the "calf muscle pump"?

  1. AThe artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the muscles of the calf
  2. BA device that inflates around the calf during surgery to warm the leg
  3. CA heart valve that pumps blood into the legs
  4. DCalf muscles squeezing the deep veins to push blood towards the heart
2.简单

What is the normal resting heart rate range for an adult?

  1. A60–100 beats per minute
  2. B40–60 beats per minute
  3. C100–140 beats per minute
  4. D30–50 beats per minute
3.简单

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is an inherited cause of which lung disease?

  1. AAsthma
  2. BPneumothorax
  3. CLung cancer
  4. DEmphysema
4.中等

A patient has exercise-induced asthma. Which advice is most appropriate?

  1. ATake a beta-blocker before exercise
  2. BExercise only in cold, dry air to toughen the airways
  3. CUse the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up
  4. DAvoid all forms of exercise permanently to prevent attacks
5.中等

A patient who had a stroke has a weak swallow. Which measure most reduces the risk of aspiration pneumonia?

  1. AGiving thin fluids quickly through a straw between meals
  2. BLying flat for 30 minutes after eating to aid digestion
  3. CA swallowing assessment and sitting upright for meals
  4. DGiving meals while the patient is drowsy
6.中等

关于阿哌沙班和利伐沙班等直接口服抗凝药，下列哪项说法正确？

  1. A漏服无关紧要，因为它们的作用可持续数周
  2. B给予维生素 K 可逆转其作用
  3. C需要像华法林一样每周检测 INR
  4. D无需常规检测 INR，但剂量取决于肾功能
7.困难

A patient with severe chronic kidney disease needs therapeutic anticoagulation for a DVT. Why might unfractionated heparin be chosen instead of a low-molecular-weight heparin?

  1. ALMWH is cleared by the kidneys and can accumulate
  2. BLMWH cannot be given to anyone over 60
  3. CUnfractionated heparin is taken by mouth
  4. DUnfractionated heparin has no bleeding risk at all
8.困难

Four hours after cardiac surgery, the mediastinal drain, which had been draining steadily, suddenly stops. BP falls to 84/60 mmHg, the heart rate rises and the CVP climbs. What should the nurse suspect?

  1. ANormal recovery, as the bleeding has stopped
  2. BA tension pneumothorax on the left side
  3. CFluid overload from intravenous fluids
  4. DCardiac tamponade from a clotted drain

答案

  1. 1. D · Calf muscles squeezing the deep veins to push blood towards the heart
  2. 2. A · 60–100 beats per minute
  3. 3. D · Emphysema
  4. 4. C · Use the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up
  5. 5. C · A swallowing assessment and sitting upright for meals
  6. 6. D · 无需常规检测 INR，但剂量取决于肾功能
  7. 7. A · LMWH is cleared by the kidneys and can accumulate
  8. 8. D · Cardiac tamponade from a clotted drain

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