内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is the main purpose of a surgical wound drain?

1. ATo remove fluid or blood that collects at the operation site
2. BTo measure the patient's temperature
3. CTo feed the patient after surgery
4. DTo give IV fluids and antibiotics straight into the wound bed

哪些体征提示烧伤患者有吸入性损伤？

1. A触碰热锅把手后一根手指起水疱
2. B户外一天后背部晒伤
3. C一只脚烧伤但感觉正常
4. D面部烧伤、鼻毛烧焦、烟灰和声音嘶哑

为什么全身麻醉前要求患者禁食？

1. A减少手术中的出血
2. B降低误吸胃内容物的风险
3. C使扫描时肠道更容易看清
4. D使血糖水平比平时更高

Which advice may help reduce the risk of a parastomal hernia after stoma surgery?

1. AAvoid heavy lifting early on and use support garments as advised
2. BDo intensive sit-ups from the first week
3. CKeep the stoma bag as full as possible
4. DStrain hard on the toilet each day to strengthen the abdominal muscles

After a spinal anaesthetic, which nursing check is particularly important?

1. APupil reaction every five minutes for the next full day
2. BBlood glucose every 15 minutes overnight
3. CPeak flow before and after each meal
4. DReturn of leg sensation and movement, and passing urine

为什么缓释或肠溶片对回肠造口患者可能效果不佳？

1. A造口把药物极快地吸收进血液
2. B转运快，药物可能在释放前就已排出
3. C回肠造口患者不能服用任何口服药物
4. D回肠造口的酶会破坏所有类型的口服药物

A patient has an implanted port for chemotherapy. Which needle is used to access it?

1. AAn intramuscular injection needle
2. BA standard hollow needle used for venepuncture
3. CA wide-bore cannula with a steel stylet
4. DA non-coring (Huber) needle

A nurse finds a dislodged sealed radiation source in the bed of a patient receiving brachytherapy. What should the nurse do?

1. AThrow it in the clinical waste bag
2. BPick it up with gloved hands and put it in the nearest sharps bin quickly
3. CUse long-handled forceps to put it in the lead container; report it
4. DLeave it in the bed until the end of the shift