内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Why does chemotherapy often affect the bone marrow, gut lining and hair?

1. AThese tissues store the chemotherapy drugs
2. BThese tissues contain rapidly dividing cells
3. CThese tissues have no blood supply
4. DThese tissues are the main sites of cancer

急性胰腺炎的疼痛通常位于哪里？

1. A右下腹，靠近髋部
2. B下背部，平躺时缓解
3. C左肩尖，深呼吸时加重
4. D上腹部，常放射到背部

Which is a role of the scrub practitioner in theatre?

1. AObtaining the patient's surgical consent
2. BPreparing and passing sterile instruments
3. CMoving equipment outside the sterile field only
4. DGiving the anaesthetic drugs to the patient

Patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors may develop immune-related side effects. Which symptom should they report promptly?

1. AA small bruise after a knock
2. BSlight hair thinning over months
3. CMild tiredness after a busy day
4. DNew diarrhoea or abdominal pain

哪些体征提示严重急性胰腺炎伴组织内出血？

1. A嘴唇、舌头和面部肿胀
2. B手掌和足底的紫色皮疹
3. C指甲发黄
4. D脐周或腰部瘀斑

Which is a common side effect of opioids, especially when given by epidural or spinal route?

1. AIncreased hunger
2. BItching
3. CRinging in the ears
4. DHair growth

A surgical patient's MUST score is 3 and the wound is healing slowly. What is the most appropriate action?

1. ARefer to the dietitian, start a nutrition plan and monitor intake
2. BRepeat the score in three months' time
3. CRestrict protein to help the kidneys
4. DEncourage fasting to reduce wound exudate and the size of the dressing

After a high-voltage electrical injury, a patient's urine is dark red-brown. What does this suggest and what is the usual aim?

1. AMyoglobin from muscle damage; a higher urine output target
2. BA urinary infection; send a sample and wait for the result
3. CBleeding from the bladder; stop all fluids
4. DNormal concentrated urine; restrict fluids