内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is the key difference between a benign and a malignant tumour?

1. AA benign tumour always spreads to the lymph nodes
2. BA benign tumour always grows faster than a malignant one
3. CA malignant tumour never needs any treatment
4. DA malignant tumour invades nearby tissue and can spread

Where are venous leg ulcers usually found?

1. AOn the sole of the foot under the heel
2. BOn the tips of the toes and between the toes
3. COn the front of the thigh
4. DAround the inner ankle, in the gaiter area

Which feature is typical of an arterial leg ulcer?

1. AA shallow, wet wound around the ankle with warm, swollen skin
2. BA painful, punched-out wound on a cold, pale foot
3. CA blister on the heel with plenty of hair growth
4. DA painless wound on the shin with normal pulses

Why is a urinary catheter usually inserted in a patient with a major burn?

1. AHourly urine output guides fluid resuscitation
2. BThe catheter prevents wound infection
3. CIt is needed to give medicines into the bladder
4. DBurns always cause the bladder to rupture

Which lifestyle change most improves the course of Crohn's disease?

1. AEating more red meat
2. BStopping smoking
3. CDrinking more coffee
4. DAvoiding all exercise

为什么上消化道出血患者的尿素升高可能比肌酐升高得多？

1. A被消化的血液是蛋白质负荷，会使尿素升高
2. B出血总是直接损伤肾小管
3. C肌酐随呕吐物从体内丢失
4. D尿素由出血的胃黏膜产生

A bag of parenteral nutrition runs out and the next one will not arrive for several hours. Which risk should the nurse anticipate?

1. ARebound hypoglycaemia
2. BAcute urinary retention
3. CRaised intracranial pressure
4. DSevere hyperkalaemia

A category (stage) 4 pressure ulcer is now healing and shallower. How should it be documented according to standard guidance?

1. AAs a fully healed ulcer that can be removed from the record
2. BAs a category 2 pressure ulcer now
3. CAs a category 1 pressure ulcer now
4. DAs a healing category 4 pressure ulcer