内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Why are pressure garments worn after burns heal?

1. ATo hide the scars from other people
2. BTo prevent infection of the healed skin
3. CTo reduce raised, thick scarring
4. DTo keep the patient warm in winter

哪些体征提示烧伤患者有吸入性损伤？

1. A触碰热锅把手后一根手指起水疱
2. B一只脚烧伤但感觉正常
3. C户外一天后背部晒伤
4. D面部烧伤、鼻毛烧焦、烟灰和声音嘶哑

If hair must be removed before surgery, which method is recommended?

1. AA wax strip several days before surgery
2. BPulling the hairs out with tweezers
3. CElectric clippers on the day of surgery
4. DA razor shave the night before surgery

小肠梗阻和大肠梗阻的主要临床区别是什么？

1. A小肠：呕吐早，腹胀较轻；大肠：呕吐晚，腹胀明显
2. B小肠：完全不呕吐；大肠：早期大量呕吐，无腹胀
3. C小肠：仅有明显腹胀；大肠：无疼痛、无呕吐，也完全没有腹胀
4. D没有临床区别；只有 CT 扫描才能区分

Which risk is particularly linked with tramadol?

1. ASerotonin syndrome with some antidepressants, and seizures
2. BRapid liver failure at normal doses
3. CSevere stomach ulcers in all patients
4. DHigh blood pressure that needs emergency treatment in most patients

Which statement about corticosteroids in inflammatory bowel disease is correct?

1. AThey cure the disease after one course
2. BThey are used to induce remission, not for maintenance
3. CThey are given only as a one-off injection
4. DThey are the best long-term maintenance treatment

Which patient has the highest risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting?

1. AA male smoker having a short procedure without opioids
2. BA non-smoking woman with motion sickness who will need opioids
3. CA man with no history of nausea having local anaesthetic only
4. DA smoker who has never had nausea after surgery

A patient with haematemesis becomes drowsy and starts to vomit blood again. What is the immediate priority?

1. AGive a large glass of iced water to slow the bleeding
2. BTurn the patient onto their side to protect the airway
3. CSend a stool sample for faecal occult blood testing
4. DComplete the admission paperwork and medication history