内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

What is an aura before a seizure?

1. AThe confusion and sleepiness after a seizure ends
2. BA rash that appears after some antiepileptic drugs
3. CA lasting change in vision that is caused by long-term epilepsy
4. DA warning sensation, which is itself a small focal seizure

尿比重能告诉护士什么？

1. A尿液中是否含有细菌
2. B血液中有多少葡萄糖
3. C尿液的浓缩程度
4. D尿液含有多少蛋白质

糖尿病酮症酸中毒时，通常首先给予哪种液体？

1. A静脉 0.9% 氯化钠
2. B静脉 50% 葡萄糖溶液
3. C静脉注射用灭菌水
4. D口服含糖饮料和水

长期服用苯妥英的患者应被告知哪种副作用？

1. A几乎所有患者都会头皮脱发
2. B体重减轻和不耐热
3. C逐渐发生的永久性听力丧失
4. D牙龈增生，因此良好的口腔卫生很重要

腹膜透析液使用前应如何加温？

1. A应直接从冰箱取出冷用
2. B在微波炉中
3. C在一盆热的自来水中
4. D在专用的干热加温器中

A patient with multiple sclerosis says their symptoms get worse after a hot bath. What should the nurse explain?

1. AHeat can briefly worsen MS symptoms, which settle when they cool down
2. BThey should take very cold baths to reverse the damage
3. CHot baths cause new areas of damage in the brain
4. DThis shows that the disease has entered a new progressive stage

Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ATeaching a new patient how to inject insulin
2. BChecking pre-meal glucose and reporting results out of range
3. CAssessing a confused patient whose glucose is 2.6 mmol/L (47 mg/dL)
4. DDeciding the dose of correction insulin from the glucose result

A patient with untreated end-stage kidney disease has chest pain that is worse lying flat and better sitting forward. A rub is heard over the heart. What is most likely?

1. AA rib fracture from coughing
2. BUraemic pericarditis, which usually needs urgent dialysis
3. CIndigestion from phosphate binders
4. DA stable angina attack, which needs only a nitrate spray and rest