内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

What is the most common cause of intrinsic (renal) acute kidney injury in hospital?

1. APolycystic kidney disease
2. BAcute tubular necrosis
3. CKidney stones
4. DAn enlarged prostate

一名患者左侧脑部发生卒中。无力最可能出现在哪里？

1. A身体左侧
2. B仅左侧面部
3. C双腿而不是手臂
4. D身体右侧

How is the pain of trigeminal neuralgia typically described?

1. AA burning pain in both feet, worse at night
2. BA dull ache across the forehead that lasts all day
3. CA throbbing pain behind one eye with nausea and aura
4. DSudden electric-shock pain in the face set off by light touch

An older patient with a long-term catheter has bacteria in the urine but no symptoms. What is usually appropriate?

1. AAntibiotics for life to keep the urine sterile
2. BNo antibiotics, as long as there are no symptoms
3. CRemove the catheter permanently at once
4. DA full course of antibiotics straight away

A patient on ciclosporin or tacrolimus asks about grapefruit juice. Which advice is correct?

1. AIt has no effect on these drugs
2. BDrink it daily to protect the kidney
3. CDrink it with each dose to improve the absorption
4. DAvoid it, because it can raise the drug levels

A patient with a suspected basal skull fracture needs a gastric tube. Which route is preferred?

1. AThrough a fine-bore nasal tube
2. BThrough the nose (nasogastric)
3. CThrough the mouth (orogastric)
4. DThrough the nose with a guidewire

A patient with Parkinson's disease becomes agitated and confused at night. Which newly prescribed drug should the nurse question?

1. AHaloperidol
2. BLactulose
3. CMelatonin
4. DParacetamol (acetaminophen)

A patient with a known ureteric stone develops a fever of 39 °C (102.2 °F) and rigors. Scanning shows a blocked, swollen kidney. What is needed?

1. AUrgent drainage of the kidney plus IV antibiotics
2. BA fluid restriction to reduce the swelling
3. COral antibiotics and waiting for the stone to pass
4. DStrong pain relief alone, then discharge