精神科护理练习卷（附答案）

In behaviour therapy, what is negative reinforcement?

1. APunishing a behaviour with an unpleasant consequence so that it becomes less likely
2. BAdding a reward after a behaviour so that it happens more often
3. CIgnoring a behaviour so that it slowly disappears over time
4. DTaking away something unpleasant after a behaviour, which makes it more likely

A patient repeats the nurse's words exactly: Nurse: "How are you today?" Patient: "How are you today?" What is this called?

1. AConfabulation
2. BNeologism
3. CEchopraxia
4. DEcholalia

在精神状态检查中，心境与情感有什么区别？

1. A心境是护士观察到的患者表现；情感是患者自述的感受
2. B心境是患者自述的感受；情感是护士观察到的情绪表现
3. C心境描述思维；情感描述记忆
4. D心境和情感含义完全相同

An older man has poor concentration, memory complaints and low mood that started after his wife died. Why is careful assessment important?

1. ALow mood after the loss of a partner is always normal grief and never needs any assessment
2. BOlder adults cannot be treated for depression
3. CMemory complaints in older adults are always caused by dementia
4. DDepression in older adults can look like dementia and is treatable

Which activity is most suitable for a patient in an acute manic episode?

1. AA long group discussion in the day room
2. BA complicated board game such as chess with other patients
3. CA competitive team game of volleyball
4. DA walk with a staff member

A patient with psychosis says, "There's a man standing in the corner." The nurse sees no one there. Which response uses presenting reality?

1. A"I don't see anyone in the corner, but I know it seems real to you."
2. B"What does the man in the corner look like?"
3. C"The man will go away if you ignore him."
4. D"That's just your illness talking, so there's nothing to worry about. Try to think of something else."

Which intervention is most appropriate for an older patient with delirium?

1. AUse physical restraints at night to prevent falls
2. BKeep the lights on and the television loud all night to keep her alert and stop her from sleeping too much
3. CProvide orientation cues, make sure glasses and hearing aids are used, and involve the family
4. DMove the patient to a different room each day

A nurse posts on social media about a "funny" patient on her ward, without giving his name. What is correct?

1. AIt is acceptable because his name was not used
2. BIt breaches confidentiality, because he could still be identified
3. CIt is acceptable if the post is set to "friends only"
4. DIt is only a problem if the patient finds the post himself