精神科护理练习卷（附答案）

In Freud's theory of personality, what is the role of the ego?

1. ATo store all forgotten memories from childhood
2. BTo balance the demands of the id, the superego and reality
3. CTo seek immediate pleasure regardless of the consequences
4. DTo act as the moral conscience that creates guilt

A mother says, "My son failed his driving test because I'm a bad mother." Which cognitive distortion is this?

1. APersonalisation
2. BAll-or-nothing thinking
3. CCatastrophising
4. DEmotional reasoning

直接询问患者是否有自杀念头会增加其自杀风险吗？

1. A仅对青少年才是安全的
2. B会；这会把这个想法灌输给他们
3. C不会；直接询问是安全的，有助于评估风险
4. D会；这只应由精神科医生在全面评估后进行

How does repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) differ from ECT?

1. AIt involves surgically implanting electrodes deep in the brain under anaesthetic
2. BIt is given as a daily tablet that contains tiny magnetic particles
3. CIt uses magnetic pulses on the scalp while the patient is awake, without causing a seizure
4. DIt needs a general anaesthetic and causes a seizure, like ECT

How does obsessive-compulsive personality disorder differ from obsessive-compulsive disorder?

1. APeople with it always feel that their behaviour is senseless and unwanted
2. BIt starts suddenly in later life after a stressful event and goes away on its own within a few months
3. CIt always involves repeated hand washing and checking rituals
4. DIt is a lasting pattern of perfectionism and control without true obsessions and compulsions

Which psychological treatment is most effective for obsessive-compulsive disorder?

1. AHypnosis to remove the obsessive thoughts permanently in a single session
2. BExposure and response prevention, a form of CBT
3. CPsychoanalysis focused on early childhood memories
4. DEncouraging the patient to perform the rituals more often

Two days after surgery, a 79-year-old woman is quiet and drowsy, stares into space and gives muddled answers that vary through the day. Her daughter says she was sharp before. What is most likely?

1. ADepression after surgery
2. BAdvanced dementia
3. CHypoactive delirium
4. DNormal tiredness after anaesthesia

A patient with borderline personality disorder and frequent self-harm says, "I'm going to kill myself tonight," after an argument on the phone. A colleague says, "She always says that." What should the nurse do?

1. AWait until the next morning to see if she still feels the same once the argument has settled down
2. BAgree with the colleague and take no action at all
3. CCarry out a full suicide risk assessment, as with any patient who expresses suicidal intent
4. DTell the patient she is only seeking attention