精神科护理练习卷（附答案）

In behaviour therapy, what is positive reinforcement?

1. AIgnoring all of the patient's behaviour so that the patient learns to cope alone without staff
2. BAdding an unpleasant consequence so that a behaviour stops
3. CRemoving a reward so that a behaviour becomes less likely
4. DAdding a reward after a behaviour so that the behaviour becomes more likely

How does binge-eating disorder differ from bulimia nervosa?

1. AThe person never feels a loss of control while eating
2. BThe person always has a very low body weight and a fear of gaining weight
3. CBinges happen only once a year, so they are not a problem
4. DThere are no regular compensatory behaviours, such as vomiting or laxative use

What is trichotillomania?

1. AA fungal infection of the scalp that is common in people with OCD
2. BRepeatedly pulling out one's own hair, leading to hair loss
3. CA fear of hair, combs and hairdressers
4. DHair loss caused by lithium treatment

An 84-year-old asks for an over-the-counter sleep aid containing diphenhydramine. What is the main concern?

1. AIts anticholinergic effects can cause confusion, urine retention and falls
2. BIt raises blood pressure to dangerous levels in older adults
3. CIt is a strong opioid that causes severe dependence
4. DIt has no effects at all in people over 80, so it will not help her sleep

What is assertive community treatment (ACT)?

1. AA short course of assertiveness training for people with mild social anxiety
2. BIntensive team-based support at home for people with severe mental illness and frequent admissions
3. CA self-help group run entirely by former patients, without any professional staff or support at all
4. DCompulsory hospital treatment for people who refuse medicine

A patient taking phenelzine, an MAOI, is being taught before discharge. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I can take any cold and flu remedy from the pharmacy."
2. B"I'll avoid aged cheese and cured meats."
3. C"I'll tell any new doctor or dentist that I take an MAOI."
4. D"A sudden severe headache is a reason to get help straight away."

A charming patient with antisocial personality disorder tells a new nurse, "The other nurses always let me smoke in my room. You're cooler than them, right?" What is the best response?

1. A"Smoking is only allowed in the garden, and that rule is the same for everyone."
2. B"Well, if the others let you, I suppose it's fine this once."
3. C"You're lying to me. The other nurses would never let you smoke in your room, so stop trying it on."
4. D"I'll let you if you promise not to tell anyone else about it."

A patient on suicide precautions asks for his razor to shave. What is the most appropriate response?

1. AFollow policy, for example by supervising the shave or offering an electric razor
2. BLet another patient lend him a razor so that staff do not need to be involved and he can keep his privacy
3. CGive him the razor, because he has the right to his own belongings
4. DRefuse, and tell him he cannot shave at all while in hospital