精神科护理练习卷（附答案）

In Freud's theory of personality, what is the role of the ego?

1. ATo act as the moral conscience that creates guilt
2. BTo seek immediate pleasure regardless of the consequences
3. CTo store all forgotten memories from childhood
4. DTo balance the demands of the id, the superego and reality

哪种防御机制被认为是健康、成熟的？

1. A否认：几个月来拒绝接受诊断
2. B投射：把自己的感受归咎于他人
3. C分裂：把人看作要么全好要么全坏
4. D升华：把攻击性情绪引导到体育运动中

哪项特征是神经性厌食的核心？

1. A对健康饮食的正常关注
2. B进食非食物物品
3. C反复暴食，没有任何代偿行为，并对暴食感到明显痛苦
4. D限制进食，极度害怕体重增加，并有扭曲的身体意象

对于服用奥氮平等第二代抗精神病药的患者，哪项监测尤其重要？

1. A仅血小板计数
2. B体重、腰围、血糖和血脂
3. C仅骨密度
4. D仅听力和视力，因为这些最易受该药影响

Which feature helps distinguish normal grief from major depression?

1. AIn grief, the person cannot feel any positive emotions or enjoy any memories of the person who died
2. BIn grief, the person feels worthless and hopeless all the time
3. CGrief always lasts less than 2 weeks
4. DIn grief, painful feelings come in waves and self-esteem is usually kept

An 84-year-old asks for an over-the-counter sleep aid containing diphenhydramine. What is the main concern?

1. AIt raises blood pressure to dangerous levels in older adults
2. BIt is a strong opioid that causes severe dependence
3. CIts anticholinergic effects can cause confusion, urine retention and falls
4. DIt has no effects at all in people over 80, so it will not help her sleep

一名处于隔离中的患者似乎睡着了。护士应怎么做？

1. A把患者留到下一个班次
2. B按要求的频率继续观察，检查呼吸和健康状况
3. C因为患者睡着了就停止观察
4. D每 5 分钟叫醒患者，询问感觉如何并检查其呼吸

A depressed patient says, "I don't enjoy anything any more, so there's no point in doing anything." Which intervention best reflects behavioural activation?

1. AEncourage him to rest in bed as much as possible until the medicine works
2. BTell him that his thoughts are irrational and he should stop thinking that way
3. CPlan small, scheduled activities with him and review how he felt afterwards
4. DWait until his mood improves before suggesting activities