药理学练习卷（附答案）

昂丹司琼主要用于治疗：

1. A高血压
2. B细菌感染
3. C便秘
4. D恶心和呕吐

什么是药物不良反应？

1. A患者注意到的任何药物作用
2. B药物预期的治疗作用
3. C在常规剂量下对药物产生的有害、非预期的反应
4. D只在过量后发生的反应

Which vasopressor is usually first-line for septic shock that persists after fluids?

1. AAdenosine
2. BIsoprenaline (isoproterenol)
3. CNoradrenaline (norepinephrine)
4. DGlyceryl trinitrate

Which adverse effect of ciprofloxacin should a patient report at once?

1. AA slightly bitter or metallic taste for a while after each dose
2. BDarker stools than usual
3. CMild tiredness in the first few days
4. DPain or swelling in a tendon, such as the Achilles tendon

A nurse realises that a patient has been given the wrong dose of a medicine. What is the first action?

1. AComplete the incident report before anything else
2. BAssess the patient for effects of the error
3. CCorrect the chart so it shows the right dose
4. DWait to see whether the patient notices

按固定间隔给药，大约需要多长时间达到稳态？

1. A4 到 5 个半衰期
2. B10 个半衰期
3. C1 个半衰期
4. D只取决于剂量大小

A patient taking sertraline starts St John's wort for low mood. What is the main concern?

1. ASerotonin syndrome from combined serotonergic effects
2. BBleeding from vitamin K deficiency
3. CSevere low blood pressure from blocked alpha receptors
4. DA hypertensive crisis from tyramine

Which strategy is most effective at preventing errors with IV insulin infusions?

1. AAn independent double check and a smart pump with a drug library
2. BWriting "U" for units on the order
3. CPreparing insulin infusions in advance and leaving them unlabelled
4. DUsing insulin syringes to measure large IV volumes