药理学练习卷（附答案）

Nicotine replacement therapy is used to:

1. AReduce withdrawal and cravings when stopping smoking
2. BMake cigarettes taste unpleasant
3. CBlock nicotine receptors completely
4. DRepair the lung damage caused by years of smoking

Propylthiouracil and carbimazole (or its active form methimazole, also called thiamazole) are used to treat which condition?

1. AHyperthyroidism
2. BHypothyroidism
3. CType 1 diabetes
4. DAdrenal insufficiency

药物的“半衰期”是什么意思？

1. A药物在体内停留时间的一半
2. B血浆浓度下降一半所需的时间
3. C一半剂量从肠道吸收所需的时间
4. D药物开始起效所需的时间

Bethanechol may be used for non-obstructive urinary retention. How does it work?

1. AIt increases urine production in the kidney
2. BIt shrinks the prostate gland
3. CIt stimulates muscarinic receptors and contracts the bladder muscle
4. DIt blocks muscarinic receptors and relaxes the bladder wall muscle

A patient with heart failure starts furosemide. Which self-monitoring instruction is most useful?

1. AWeigh daily at the same time on the same scales
2. BCount the respiratory rate each evening
3. CMeasure the temperature twice a day and record it in a diary
4. DCheck the blood glucose before every meal

为什么服用氯氮平的患者需要定期检查血常规？

1. A它会使血小板计数危险地升高
2. B它常引起缺铁性贫血
3. C它可能引起粒细胞缺乏症
4. D它会改变血型

A patient took a doxycycline tablet with a sip of water just before lying down. Now swallowing is very painful. What is the most likely cause?

1. AOral candidiasis from the antibiotic
2. BGastric ulcer caused by doxycycline
3. CPill-induced oesophagitis
4. DAn allergic reaction to the tablet coating

一种半衰期短的药物以远长于其半衰期的给药间隔给药。达到稳态时结果如何？

1. A永远达不到稳态
2. B逐渐蓄积到中毒浓度
3. C峰浓度和谷浓度之间波动很大
4. D浓度非常稳定，几乎没有波动