药理学练习卷（附答案）

Oxytocin is used in obstetrics mainly to:

1. AInduce or strengthen contractions and prevent postpartum bleeding
2. BMature the fetal lungs before birth
3. CLower blood pressure in pre-eclampsia
4. DStop preterm labour by relaxing the uterine muscle

Which opioid receptor is mainly responsible for the pain relief and respiratory depression of morphine?

1. AKappa receptor
2. BNicotinic receptor
3. CMu receptor
4. DDelta receptor

Nicotine replacement therapy is used to:

1. AReduce withdrawal and cravings when stopping smoking
2. BRepair the lung damage caused by years of smoking
3. CMake cigarettes taste unpleasant
4. DBlock nicotine receptors completely

服用老一代 MAO 抑制剂的患者被警告避免富含酪胺的食物。可能会发生什么？

1. A高血压危象
2. B严重低血糖
3. C突发肾衰竭
4. D过敏性皮疹

A patient with Addison's disease on hydrocortisone develops a fever with flu. What is the usual advice?

1. AStop the hydrocortisone until the fever settles, to let the body recover
2. BMake no change, as illness does not affect cortisol needs
3. CIncrease the dose as instructed (sick-day rules) and seek help if vomiting
4. DHalve the hydrocortisone to reduce side effects

Which early signs suggest systemic toxicity from a local anaesthetic?

1. ANumbness around the mouth, metallic taste and tinnitus
2. BItchy rash and swelling only at the injection site
3. CHeavy sweating, salivation and diarrhoea
4. DPinpoint pupils and slow, shallow breathing

Beta-lactam antibiotics show time-dependent killing. What does this mean for administration?

1. AA single very large daily dose works best
2. BDoses can be given at any time as long as the daily total is right
3. CDoses should be given on time at evenly spaced intervals
4. DDoses should be given only when the patient has a fever

How does aripiprazole differ from most other antipsychotics?

1. AIt is a full dopamine agonist that increases dopamine activity
2. BIt has no effect on dopamine and acts only on histamine
3. CIt works by blocking the reuptake of serotonin only
4. DIt is a partial agonist at dopamine D2 receptors