药理学练习卷（附答案）

After chemotherapy, what is the "nadir"?

1. AThe point when the tumour is at its smallest after treatment
2. BThe point when blood cell counts are at their lowest
3. CThe time when nausea is worst
4. DThe day the drug is given

Dextromethorphan is used as:

1. AAn expectorant that thins mucus
2. BA cough suppressant
3. CAn antibiotic for chest infections
4. DA nasal decongestant

昂丹司琼主要用于治疗：

1. A便秘
2. B恶心和呕吐
3. C高血压
4. D细菌感染

按固定间隔给药，大约需要多长时间达到稳态？

1. A4 到 5 个半衰期
2. B10 个半衰期
3. C只取决于剂量大小
4. D1 个半衰期

Why are patients taking simvastatin often advised to avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice?

1. AGrapefruit makes the tablet dissolve in the mouth
2. BGrapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, raising simvastatin levels and myopathy risk
3. CGrapefruit speeds up simvastatin breakdown in the liver, so the drug stops working
4. DGrapefruit blocks cholesterol absorption and causes low cholesterol

While giving medicines, a patient says, "That pill looks different from the one I usually take." What should the nurse do?

1. AStop and recheck the order and the medicine before giving it
2. BExplain that only the staff decide which medicines are given
3. CReassure the patient and give the pill anyway
4. DGive the pill and check the chart afterwards

A patient taking long-term morphine for cancer pain becomes very sedated with slow breathing. Why is naloxone given in small, diluted doses?

1. ATo make the effect of naloxone last longer than morphine
2. BBecause naloxone is toxic to the liver in large doses
3. CBecause naloxone is much more potent and toxic in patients with cancer
4. DTo restore breathing without causing severe withdrawal and pain

A patient taking metoprolol is also started on verapamil. Which adverse effect is most likely?

1. ASevere bradycardia and heart block
2. BRebound tachycardia and hypertension
3. CHypoglycaemia and weight gain
4. DHyperkalaemia and muscle weakness