药理学练习卷（附答案）

Which drug is an antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning?

1. AAtropine
2. BFomepizole
3. CNaloxone
4. DFlumazenil

Propylthiouracil and carbimazole (or its active form methimazole, also called thiamazole) are used to treat which condition?

1. AAdrenal insufficiency
2. BType 1 diabetes
3. CHypothyroidism
4. DHyperthyroidism

Finasteride is used in benign prostatic hyperplasia because it:

1. AInhibits 5-alpha reductase and slowly shrinks the prostate
2. BIncreases testosterone production
3. CRelaxes smooth muscle in the prostate within hours of the first dose
4. DKills bacteria in the prostate

部分激动剂与大剂量完全激动剂同时给予。反应会怎样？

1. A加倍，因为两种药物都激活受体
2. B上升到超过完全激动剂的最大效应
3. C与单用大剂量完全激动剂时完全相同
4. D下降，因为部分激动剂与之竞争受体

Before starting a TNF-alpha inhibitor such as adalimumab, which test is required?

1. AAn echocardiogram in every patient
2. BA glucose tolerance test
3. CScreening for latent tuberculosis
4. DA bone density scan

A patient with heart failure starts furosemide. Which self-monitoring instruction is most useful?

1. ACount the respiratory rate each evening
2. BWeigh daily at the same time on the same scales
3. CMeasure the temperature twice a day and record it in a diary
4. DCheck the blood glucose before every meal

Why must several weeks pass before starting an MAO inhibitor after stopping fluoxetine?

1. AFluoxetine and its active metabolite have very long half-lives
2. BMAO inhibitors are absorbed only after fluoxetine is gone
3. CFluoxetine permanently and irreversibly blocks MAO enzymes
4. DFluoxetine must first be converted into an MAO inhibitor

A patient with myasthenia gravis took extra pyridostigmine doses. She now has increasing weakness, heavy salivation, sweating, small pupils and diarrhoea. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAn allergic reaction to pyridostigmine
2. BCholinergic crisis from too much anticholinesterase drug
3. CA stroke unrelated to the medication
4. DMyasthenic crisis from too little anticholinesterase drug